Roccaldo Romana, Censi Laura, D'Addezio Laura, Toti Elisabetta, Martone Deborah, D'Addesa Dina, Cernigliaro Achille
Agricultural Research Council, Food and Nutrition Research Centre (CRA-NUT) , Rome , Italy and.
Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2014 Aug;65(5):621-8. doi: 10.3109/09637486.2013.873887. Epub 2014 Feb 17.
The adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) of 1740 Italian 8-9-year-olds was evaluated using the KIDMED index and a descriptive analysis of it by socio-demographic and lifestyle factors was performed. Only 5.0% of the children resulted "high" adherers of MD (62.2% "average" and 32.8% "poor"). This scarce adherence was due to a low consumption of fruit, vegetables, legumes, dairy products and a high intake of commercially baked goods for breakfast and sweets. Hindrances to fruit, vegetables and pulses consumption were reported for one-third of the sample. The adherence rates did not differ significantly with BMI and gender. Adherence improved with: having lunch at school; liking lunch at school; breakfast with family; no free access to food; availability of fruit and pulses; liking vegetables; higher maternal education; lower child screen time; population size of place of residence. The results show it is important to improve family food habits and dietary knowledge.
使用KIDMED指数对1740名8至9岁意大利儿童对地中海饮食（MD）的依从性进行了评估，并按社会人口统计学和生活方式因素对其进行了描述性分析。只有5.0%的儿童属于MD的“高”依从者（62.2%为“中等”，32.8%为“差”）。这种依从性差是由于水果、蔬菜、豆类、乳制品的摄入量低，以及早餐时商业烘焙食品和甜食的摄入量高。三分之一的样本报告了食用水果、蔬菜和豆类的障碍。依从率在BMI和性别方面没有显著差异。依从性随着以下因素而提高：在学校吃午餐；喜欢在学校吃午餐；与家人一起吃早餐；没有免费食物；有水果和豆类；喜欢蔬菜；母亲受教育程度较高；孩子的屏幕时间较短；居住地方的人口规模。结果表明，改善家庭饮食习惯和饮食知识很重要。
