Mistretta Antonio, Marventano Stefano, Antoci Mariagrazia, Cagnetti Antonella, Giogianni Gabriele, Nolfo Francesca, Rametta Stefania, Pecora Giulia, Marranzano Marina
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Obes Res Clin Pract. 2017 Mar-Apr;11(2):215-226. doi: 10.1016/j.orcp.2016.05.007. Epub 2016 Jun 3.
Adherence to the traditional Mediterranean diet has been associated with health benefits in young populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and cardio-metabolic parameters in adolescents living in Sicily, Southern Italy.
A cross-sectional study was conducted during two school years (2012-2013 and 2013-2014) on 1643 adolescents of 11-16 years attending 15 secondary schools. Socio-demographic, dietary, lifestyle, and anthropometric data were collected. The KIDMED score was used to evaluate the adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Linear and logistic regression models were used to test the association between the variable of interest and the outcomes.
A higher percentage of boys compared with girls was overweight (30.8% vs. 25.4%) and obese (28.7% vs. 18.5%) and only 9.1% had high adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Vegetable intake was negatively associated with being overweight/obese whereas higher intake of sweets, sugar-sweetened beverages, and fast foods was associated with overweight and obesity. A good adherence to the Mediterranean diet resulted in 30% decreased odds of being overweight or obese (odd ratio 0.70, 95% confidence interval: 0.56-0.87) in both boys and girls. An inverse correlation was found between KIDMED score and BMI, waist circumference and fat mass. No relation with blood pressure was found.
Mediterranean dietary pattern resulted significantly associated with weight status in adolescents. These results underline the importance of providing lifestyle and dietary habits education to prevent overweight and obesity in adolescent.
坚持传统地中海饮食已被证明对年轻人的健康有益。本研究旨在评估意大利南部西西里岛青少年坚持地中海饮食与心血管代谢参数之间的关联。
在两个学年（2012 - 2013年和2013 - 2014年）对15所中学的1643名11 - 16岁青少年进行了横断面研究。收集了社会人口统计学、饮食、生活方式和人体测量数据。使用KIDMED评分来评估对地中海饮食的依从性。采用线性和逻辑回归模型来检验感兴趣变量与结果之间的关联。
与女孩相比，超重（30.8%对25.4%）和肥胖（28.7%对18.5%）的男孩比例更高，只有9.1%的青少年对地中海饮食有高度依从性。蔬菜摄入量与超重/肥胖呈负相关，而甜食、含糖饮料和快餐的摄入量较高与超重和肥胖有关。良好地坚持地中海饮食使男孩和女孩超重或肥胖的几率降低了30%（比值比0.70，95%置信区间：0.56 - 0.87）。发现KIDMED评分与BMI、腰围和脂肪量呈负相关。未发现与血压有关。
地中海饮食模式与青少年的体重状况显著相关。这些结果强调了提供生活方式和饮食习惯教育以预防青少年超重和肥胖的重要性。
