Bilska-Zając Ewa, Różycki Mirosław, Chmurzyńska Ewa, Marucci Gianluca, Cencek Tomasz, Karamon Jacek, Bocian Lukasz
Department of Parasitology and Invasive Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy, Al. Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland.
Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immunomediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl. 2013 Jun 7;2:211-3. doi: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2013.05.004. eCollection 2013 Dec.
Hunting in Poland has a long tradition and became more popular after 1990. Each year over 60,000 wild boar are hunted. Some of them may act as Trichinella carriers thus all carcasses of wild boar are systematically sampled in game-handling establishments as part of the post-mortem examination. The aim of the study was to determine the species of Trichinella and to evaluate the year to year differences in the occurrence of those species in the populations of wild boar in Poland. Samples for the study were provided by the Veterinary Inspection Service. Wild boar carcasses were examined using a digestion method. Only samples recognized as positive for Trichinella in these examinations were sent to the National Reference Laboratory (NRL) for confirmation of genus identity. Samples from 450 animals were obtained for the study (380 muscle samples and 70 larval isolates preserved in 90% ethyl alcohol). Tissue samples were digested to isolate larvae. Extracted larval DNA was amplified using a modified multiplex PCR protocol to identify the species of Trichinella. Five larvae from each sample were examined by PCR. The study revealed that Trichinella spiralis and Trichinella britovi are present in wild boar in Poland in a ratio of 3:1. Mixed infections with T. spiralis and T. britovi were found in 1% of the animals.
在波兰，狩猎有着悠久的传统，并且在1990年之后变得更加流行。每年有超过60000头野猪被猎杀。其中一些野猪可能是旋毛虫携带者，因此，作为尸检的一部分，在猎物处理场所会对所有野猪尸体进行系统采样。本研究的目的是确定旋毛虫的种类，并评估波兰野猪种群中这些种类旋毛虫出现情况的逐年差异。研究样本由兽医检查局提供。使用消化法对野猪尸体进行检查。在这些检查中，只有被认定为旋毛虫阳性的样本才会被送往国家参考实验室（NRL）以确认属的身份。本研究获取了450头动物的样本（380份肌肉样本和70份保存在90%乙醇中的幼虫分离物）。将组织样本进行消化以分离幼虫。使用改良的多重聚合酶链反应（PCR）方案对提取的幼虫DNA进行扩增，以鉴定旋毛虫的种类。通过PCR对每个样本中的5条幼虫进行检测。研究发现，波兰野猪体内存在旋毛虫和布氏旋毛虫，比例为3:1。在1%的动物中发现了旋毛虫和布氏旋毛虫的混合感染。
