Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Center for Ecology, Evolution and Biogeochemistry, 6047 Kastanienbaum, Switzerland; and Division of Aquatic Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, the University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; and the Sven Lovén Centre - Tjärnö, University of Gothenburg, S-452 96 Strömstad, Sweden.
Nat Rev Genet. 2014 Mar;15(3):176-92. doi: 10.1038/nrg3644.
Speciation is a fundamental evolutionary process, the knowledge of which is crucial for understanding the origins of biodiversity. Genomic approaches are an increasingly important aspect of this research field. We review current understanding of genome-wide effects of accumulating reproductive isolation and of genomic properties that influence the process of speciation. Building on this work, we identify emergent trends and gaps in our understanding, propose new approaches to more fully integrate genomics into speciation research, translate speciation theory into hypotheses that are testable using genomic tools and provide an integrative definition of the field of speciation genomics.
物种形成是一个基本的进化过程，了解这一过程对于理解生物多样性的起源至关重要。基因组方法是该研究领域日益重要的一个方面。我们综述了目前对积累生殖隔离的全基因组影响以及影响物种形成过程的基因组特性的认识。在此基础上，我们确定了理解中的新兴趋势和差距，提出了新的方法，以更全面地将基因组学纳入物种形成研究，将物种形成理论转化为可使用基因组工具进行检验的假设，并提供物种形成基因组学领域的综合定义。
