Haenen O L M, Evans J J, Berthe F
Central Veterinary Institute of Wageningen UR, Laboratory for Fish, Shellfish, and Crustacean Diseases, P.O. Box 65, 8200 AB, The Netherlands.
United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA.
Rev Sci Tech. 2013 Aug;32(2):497-507. doi: 10.20506/rst.32.2.2245.
As aquaculture production and the consumption of aquaculture products increase, the possibility of contracting zoonotic infections from either handling or ingesting these products also increases. The principal pathogens acquired topically from fish or shellfish through spine/pincer puncture or open wounds are Aeromonas hydrophila, Edwardsiella tarda, Mycobacterium marinum, Streptococcus iniae, Vibrio vulnificus and V. damsela. These pathogens, which are all indigenous to the aquatic environment, have also been associated with disease outbreaks in food fish. Outbreaks are often related to management factors, such as the quality and quantity of nutrients in the water and high stocking density, which can increase bacterial loads on the external surface of the fish. As a result, diseased fish are more likely to transmit infection to humans. This review provides an account of human cases of zoonoses throughout the world from the principal zoonotic pathogens of fish and shellfish.
随着水产养殖产量和水产养殖产品消费量的增加，通过处理或食用这些产品而感染人畜共患病的可能性也随之增加。通过脊柱/钳子穿刺或开放性伤口从鱼类或贝类局部感染的主要病原体是嗜水气单胞菌、迟缓爱德华氏菌、海分枝杆菌、海豚链球菌、创伤弧菌和美人鱼弧菌。这些病原体均原产于水生环境，也与食用鱼的疾病暴发有关。暴发通常与管理因素有关，例如水中营养物质的质量和数量以及高放养密度，这些因素会增加鱼体表的细菌负荷。因此，患病的鱼更有可能将感染传播给人类。本综述介绍了世界各地因鱼类和贝类的主要人畜共患病原体导致的人畜共患病病例。
