Orchowski Lindsay M, Untied Amy S, Gidycz Christine A
Brown University Medical School, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02904, USA.
Xavier University, Department of Psychology, USA.
Violence Vict. 2013;28(6):940-58. doi: 10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-12-00049.
Despite high rates of sexual assault among college women, most victims do not label the experience as sexual assault or rape. Prior research examining labeling of sexual victimization has focused on women's characterization of rape experiences as either not victimization or victimization. This study extends prior research by exploring factors associated with labeling various forms of sexual victimization as "not victimization," a "serious miscommunication," or a "sexual assault, date rape, rape, or crime." A sample of 1,060 college women reported on their experiences of sexual victimization since the age of 14 years. Women who reported experiences of prior sexual victimization (n = 371) indicated their level of acquaintance with the assailant, assault disclosure, substance use at time of assault, attributions of self- and perpetrator-blame for the assault, and labeling of the experience. Most women who reported experiences of sexual victimization did not self-identify as victims, and 38% labeled sexual victimization as a serious miscommunication. Greater acquaintance with the perpetrator, higher behavioral self-blame, and victim substance use at the time of the assault were associated with labeling sexual assault experiences as a serious miscommunication. Implications are discussed.
尽管大学女生遭受性侵犯的比例很高，但大多数受害者并不将这种经历视为性侵犯或强奸。先前关于性侵害标签的研究主要集中在女性对强奸经历的描述是“非侵害”还是“侵害”。本研究通过探索与将各种形式的性侵害标记为“非侵害”、“严重误解”或“性侵犯、约会强奸、强奸或犯罪”相关的因素，扩展了先前的研究。1060名大学女生的样本报告了她们自14岁以来的性侵害经历。报告有过性侵害经历的女性（n = 371）表明了她们与袭击者的熟悉程度、袭击事件的披露情况、袭击时的物质使用情况、对袭击事件中自我和犯罪者责任的归因，以及对该经历的标签。大多数报告有性侵害经历的女性并未自我认定为受害者，38%的人将性侵害标记为严重误解。与犯罪者更熟悉、行为上更高的自我责备以及袭击时受害者使用物质，都与将性侵犯经历标记为严重误解有关。文中讨论了相关影响。
