Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Centre of Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
Ageing Res Rev. 2014 May;15:16-27. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2014.02.002. Epub 2014 Feb 15.
Arterial stiffness is a known predictor of cardiovascular disease, and has also been associated with markers of cerebral small vessel disease as well as poor cognitive function and cognitive decline. The consistency of these associations and their relationship to each other are unclear.
We conducted a systematic review of the evidence associating arterial stiffness with cognitive function and cognitive decline, and with makers of cerebral small vessel disease, specifically lacunar infarcts and white matter hyperintensities.
Thirteen cross-sectional studies examining arterial stiffness and white matter hyperintensities or lacunar infarctions reported a positive association between increased arterial stiffness and radiological findings of cerebral small vessel disease. Two longitudinal studies examining the relationship between arterial stiffness and white matter hyperintensities found increased pulse wave velocity to be an independent predictor of white matter hyperintensity volume. Fifteen cross-sectional and seven longitudinal studies examining arterial stiffness and cognition were identified. Fourteen of the fifteen cross-sectional studies associated increased arterial stiffness with lower cognitive function, and six of the seven longitudinal studies found arterial stiffness to be predictive of cognitive decline.
Arterial stiffness is associated with cerebral small vessel disease and decreased cognitive function. However methodological limitations such as differing covariates between studies and an over-reliance on the MMSE to measure cognition are a concern across much of the literature.
动脉僵硬度是心血管疾病的已知预测因子，也与脑小血管疾病的标志物以及认知功能和认知能力下降有关。这些关联的一致性及其相互关系尚不清楚。
我们对动脉僵硬度与认知功能和认知能力下降以及脑小血管疾病标志物（即腔隙性梗死和脑白质高信号）相关的证据进行了系统回顾。
13 项横断面研究检查了动脉僵硬度与脑白质高信号或腔隙性梗死之间的关系，报告了动脉僵硬度增加与脑小血管疾病的放射学发现之间存在正相关关系。两项纵向研究检查了动脉僵硬度与脑白质高信号之间的关系，发现脉搏波速度增加是脑白质高信号体积的独立预测因子。共确定了 15 项横断面研究和 7 项纵向研究来检查动脉僵硬度和认知功能。15 项横断面研究中的 14 项研究表明，动脉僵硬度增加与认知功能下降有关，7 项纵向研究中有 6 项研究发现动脉僵硬度可预测认知能力下降。
动脉僵硬度与脑小血管疾病和认知功能下降有关。但是，许多文献中都存在方法学上的局限性，例如研究之间的协变量不同，以及过度依赖 MMSE 来测量认知功能。
