Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenCenter for Clinical Research Dalarna, Falun, Sweden.
Diabetes. 2014 Jul;63(7):2356-68. doi: 10.2337/db13-1622. Epub 2014 Feb 18.
Excess ectopic fat storage is linked to type 2 diabetes. The importance of dietary fat composition for ectopic fat storage in humans is unknown. We investigated liver fat accumulation and body composition during overfeeding saturated fatty acids (SFAs) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). LIPOGAIN was a double-blind, parallel-group, randomized trial. Thirty-nine young and normal-weight individuals were overfed muffins high in SFAs (palm oil) or n-6 PUFAs (sunflower oil) for 7 weeks. Liver fat, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), total adipose tissue, pancreatic fat, and lean tissue were assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. Transcriptomics were performed in SAT. Both groups gained similar weight. SFAs, however, markedly increased liver fat compared with PUFAs and caused a twofold larger increase in VAT than PUFAs. Conversely, PUFAs caused a nearly threefold larger increase in lean tissue than SFAs. Increase in liver fat directly correlated with changes in plasma SFAs and inversely with PUFAs. Genes involved in regulating energy dissipation, insulin resistance, body composition, and fat-cell differentiation in SAT were differentially regulated between diets, and associated with increased PUFAs in SAT. In conclusion, overeating SFAs promotes hepatic and visceral fat storage, whereas excess energy from PUFAs may instead promote lean tissue in healthy humans.
过多的异位脂肪储存与 2 型糖尿病有关。饮食脂肪成分对人体异位脂肪储存的重要性尚不清楚。我们研究了在过量摄入饱和脂肪酸 (SFA) 或多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFA) 时肝脏脂肪堆积和身体成分的变化。LIPOGAIN 是一项双盲、平行组、随机试验。39 名年轻且体重正常的个体在 7 周内过量摄入富含 SFA（棕榈油）或 n-6 PUFAs（葵花籽油）的松饼。通过磁共振成像评估肝脏脂肪、内脏脂肪组织 (VAT)、腹部皮下脂肪组织 (SAT)、总脂肪组织、胰腺脂肪和瘦组织。SAT 进行了转录组学分析。两组体重都有相似的增加。然而，与 PUFAs 相比，SFA 显著增加了肝脏脂肪，并且比 PUFAs 导致 VAT 增加了两倍。相反，与 SFA 相比，PUFA 导致瘦组织增加了近三倍。肝脏脂肪的增加与血浆 SFA 的变化直接相关，与 PUFAs 呈负相关。SAT 中涉及调节能量消耗、胰岛素抵抗、身体成分和脂肪细胞分化的基因在饮食之间存在差异调节，并与 SAT 中 PUFAs 的增加有关。总之，过量摄入 SFA 会促进肝脏和内脏脂肪储存，而 PUFAs 产生的多余能量可能会促进健康人体的瘦组织增加。
