Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa.
Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
Nutrients. 2020 May 31;12(6):1619. doi: 10.3390/nu12061619.
: Background and Aims: During positive energy balance, excess lipid storage in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) is associated with increased lipolysis. Elevated circulating fatty acid (FA) concentrations from both SAT lipolysis and dietary fat intake may result in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) accumulation, impairment of glucose metabolism, altogether increasing obesity-associated metabolic risks. We aimed to test the hypothesis that FA composition of red blood cell total phospholipids (RBC-TPL) and SAT is associated with body fat centralisation (VAT/SAT ratio) and insulin sensitivity (S) in black South African women with obesity.
Participants' ( = 41) body fat composition and distribution, S, and RBC-TPL, abdominal and gluteal SAT (gSAT) FA composition (gas-liquid chromatography) were measured.
RBC-TPL contained higher proportions of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) than SAT ( < 0.001), which were associated with lower S ( < 0.05). Mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1)-16 were lower, while poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and delta-5 and delta-6 desaturase indices were higher in RBC-TPL than SAT ( < 0.001). Interestingly, FA profiles differed between SAT depots with higher SFAs and lower MUFAs, SCD1-16 and SCD1-18 indices in abdominal compared to gluteal SAT ( < 0.01). In both SAT depots, higher SFAs and lower PUFAs (n-3 and n-6) correlated with lower VAT/SAT ratio; and lower PUFAs (n-3 and n-6) and higher total MUFA correlated with higher S.
Our findings confirm the relationships between the FA composition of RBC-TPL and SAT and metabolic risk in black women with obesity, which are dependent on both the FA class, and the tissue type/blood compartment in which they are distributed.
在能量正平衡时，过多的脂质储存在皮下脂肪组织（SAT）中与脂肪分解增加有关。来自 SAT 脂肪分解和膳食脂肪摄入的循环脂肪酸（FA）浓度的升高可能导致内脏脂肪组织（VAT）积累，葡萄糖代谢受损，从而增加肥胖相关的代谢风险。我们旨在检验以下假设：红细胞总磷脂（RBC-TPL）和 SAT 的 FA 组成与肥胖的南非黑人女性的体脂集中（VAT/SAT 比值）和胰岛素敏感性（S）有关。
测量了参与者（n=41）的体脂组成和分布、S、RBC-TPL、腹部和臀肌 SAT（gSAT）FA 组成（气-液色谱法）。
RBC-TPL 中的饱和脂肪酸（SFAs）比例高于 SAT（<0.001），这与 S 降低有关（<0.05）。单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFAs）和硬脂酰辅酶 A 去饱和酶-1（SCD1）-16 较低，而多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）、delta-5 和 delta-6 去饱和酶指数在 RBC-TPL 中高于 SAT（<0.001）。有趣的是，SAT 脂肪垫之间的 FA 谱不同，腹部 SAT 的 SFAs 较高，MUFAs 较低，SCD1-16 和 SCD1-18 指数较低（<0.01）。在 SAT 两个部位，较高的 SFAs 和较低的 PUFAs（n-3 和 n-6）与较低的 VAT/SAT 比值相关；较低的 PUFAs（n-3 和 n-6）和较高的总 MUFA 与 S 升高相关。
我们的研究结果证实了 RBC-TPL 和 SAT 的 FA 组成与肥胖黑人女性代谢风险之间的关系，这些关系依赖于 FA 类别和它们分布的组织类型/血液隔室。
