a Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Laboratory, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences , Tilburg University , Tilburg , the Netherlands.
Soc Neurosci. 2014;9(3):249-64. doi: 10.1080/17470919.2014.890668. Epub 2014 Feb 25.
Body postures provide clear signals about emotional expressions, but so far it is not clear what muscle patterns are associated with specific emotions. This study lays the groundwork for a Body Action Coding System by investigating what combinations of muscles are used for emotional bodily expressions and assessing whether these muscles also automatically respond to the perception of emotional behavior. Surface electromyography of muscles in the arms (biceps and triceps) and shoulders (upper trapezius and deltoids) were measured during both active expression and passive viewing of fearful and angry bodily expressions. The biceps, deltoids, and triceps are recruited strongly for the expression of anger and fear expression predominantly depends on the biceps and the deltoids. During passive viewing, all muscles automatically activate during the passive viewing of anger. During fear perception, a clear activation can be seen in the trapezius, deltoid, and triceps muscles, whereas the biceps shows inhibition. In conclusion, this study provides more insight into the perception and expression of emotions in the body.
身体姿势提供了关于情感表达的明确信号，但到目前为止，还不清楚哪些肌肉模式与特定的情绪有关。本研究通过调查用于情感身体表达的肌肉组合以及评估这些肌肉是否也会自动对情绪行为的感知做出反应，为身体动作编码系统奠定了基础。在主动表达和被动观看恐惧和愤怒的身体表情时，测量了手臂（肱二头肌和肱三头肌）和肩部（上斜方肌和三角肌）的表面肌电图。在愤怒和恐惧的表达中，二头肌、三角肌和肱三头肌都被强烈募集，而愤怒的表达主要依赖于二头肌和三角肌。在被动观察时，所有肌肉在被动观察愤怒时都会自动激活。在恐惧感知中，可以清楚地看到斜方肌、三角肌和肱三头肌的激活，而二头肌则显示抑制。总之，本研究为身体的感知和表达情感提供了更多的深入了解。
