对堕胎转诊的良心拒斥：务实的解决方案还是对女性权利的威胁？
Conscientious objection to referrals for abortion: pragmatic solution or threat to women's rights?
作者信息
Nordberg Eva M Kibsgaard, Skirbekk Helge, Magelssen Morten
机构信息
Centre for Medical Ethics, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Pb, 1130 Blindern, N-0318 Oslo, Norway.
出版信息
BMC Med Ethics. 2014 Feb 26;15:15. doi: 10.1186/1472-6939-15-15.
BACKGROUND
Conscientious objection has spurred impassioned debate in many Western countries. Some Norwegian general practitioners (GPs) refuse to refer for abortion. Little is know about how the GPs carry out their refusals in practice, how they perceive their refusal to fit with their role as professionals, and how refusals impact patients. Empirical data can inform subsequent normative analysis.
METHODS
Qualitative research interviews were conducted with seven GPs, all Christians. Transcripts were analysed using systematic text condensation.
RESULTS
Informants displayed a marked ambivalence towards their own refusal practices. Five main topics emerged in the interviews: 1) carrying out conscientious objection in practice, 2) justification for conscientious objection, 3) challenges when relating to colleagues, 4) ambivalence and consistency, 5) effects on the doctor-patient relationship.
CONCLUSIONS
Norwegian GP conscientious objectors were given to consider both pros and cons when evaluating their refusal practices. They had settled on a practical compromise, the precise form of which would vary, and which was deemed an acceptable middle way between competing interests.
背景
在许多西方国家，出于良心拒行引发了激烈的辩论。一些挪威全科医生拒绝提供堕胎转诊服务。对于全科医生在实际中如何实施其拒绝行为、他们如何看待自己的拒绝行为与其专业角色的契合度，以及拒绝行为如何影响患者，我们知之甚少。实证数据可为后续的规范性分析提供参考。
方法
对7名全科医生（均为基督徒）进行了定性研究访谈。使用系统文本浓缩法对访谈记录进行了分析。
结果
受访者对自己的拒绝行为表现出明显的矛盾态度。访谈中出现了五个主要主题：1）在实际中实施出于良心拒行，2）出于良心拒行的理由，3）与同事相处时面临的挑战，4）矛盾与一致性，5）对医患关系的影响。
结论
挪威出于良心拒行的全科医生在评估自己的拒绝行为时会权衡利弊。他们达成了一种实际的妥协，具体形式会有所不同，并且被视为在相互冲突的利益之间可接受的中间道路。
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