National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11, Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.
Small. 2014 Jun 12;10(11):2122-35. doi: 10.1002/smll.201303717. Epub 2014 Feb 27.
A key to improve the electrochemical performance of energy storage systems (e.g., lithium ion batteries and supercapacitors) is to develop advanced electrode materials. In the last few years, although originating from the unique structure and property of graphene, interest has expanded beyond the originally literally defined graphene into versatile integration of numerous intermediate structures lying between graphene and organic polymer, particularly for the development of new electrode materials for energy storage devices. Notably, diverse designations have shaded common characteristics of the molecular configurations of these newly-emerging materials, severely impeding the design, synthesis, tailoring, functionalization, and control of functional electrode materials in a rational and systematical manner. This concept paper highlights all these intermediate materials, specifically comprising graphene subunits intrinsically interconnected by organic linkers or fractions, following a general concept of graphenal polymers. Combined with recent advances made by our group and others, two representative synthesis approaches (bottom-up and top-down) for graphenal polymers are outlined, as well as the structure-property relationships of these graphenal polymers as energy storage electrode materials are discussed.
提高储能系统（例如锂离子电池和超级电容器）电化学性能的关键是开发先进的电极材料。在过去的几年中，尽管源于石墨烯的独特结构和性质，但人们的兴趣已经超出了最初字面意义上的石墨烯，扩展到了石墨烯和有机聚合物之间的许多中间结构的多功能集成，特别是对于储能设备新型电极材料的开发。值得注意的是，各种不同的命名方式掩盖了这些新出现材料分子结构的共同特征，严重阻碍了以合理和系统的方式对功能性电极材料进行设计、合成、剪裁、功能化和控制。本概念论文强调了所有这些中间材料，特别是由有机连接物或部分内在互连的石墨烯亚单位组成的材料，遵循了石墨烯聚合物的一般概念。结合我们组和其他组的最新进展，概述了两种代表性的石墨烯聚合物的合成方法（自上而下和自下而上），并讨论了这些石墨烯聚合物作为储能电极材料的结构-性能关系。
