Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, PO Box 9502, 2300 RA, Leiden (The Netherlands).
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2014 Apr 1;53(14):3558-86. doi: 10.1002/anie.201306828. Epub 2014 Feb 26.
Metal nanoparticles (NPs) find widespread application as a result of their unique physical and chemical properties. NPs have generated considerable interest in catalysis and electrocatalysis, where they provide a high surface area to mass ratio and can be tailored to promote particular reaction pathways. The activity of NPs can be analyzed especially well using electrochemistry, which probes interfacial chemistry directly. In this Review, we discuss key issues related to the electrochemistry of NPs. We highlight model studies that demonstrate exceptional control over the NP shape and size, or mass-transport conditions, which can provide key insights into the behavior of ensembles of NPs. Particular focus is on the challenge of ultimately measuring reactions at individual NPs, and relating the response to their structure, which is leading to imaginative experiments that have an impact on electrochemistry in general as well as broader surface and colloid science.
金属纳米粒子 (NPs) 由于其独特的物理和化学性质而得到了广泛的应用。NPs 在催化和电催化中引起了极大的兴趣，因为它们提供了高的表面积与质量比，并可以进行定制以促进特定的反应途径。电化学可以很好地分析 NPs 的活性，因为它可以直接探测界面化学。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了与 NPs 的电化学相关的关键问题。我们强调了一些模型研究，这些研究证明了对 NP 形状和尺寸或质量传输条件的特殊控制，这可以为 NP 聚集体的行为提供关键的见解。特别关注的是最终在单个 NPs 上测量反应并将其响应与结构相关联的挑战，这导致了富有想象力的实验，这些实验不仅对电化学，而且对更广泛的表面和胶体科学都产生了影响。
