Komatsu Hiroko, Yagasaki Kaori
Faculty of Nursing and Medical Care, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
Int J Nurs Pract. 2014 Feb;20(1):39-45. doi: 10.1111/ijn.12115. Epub 2013 Jun 14.
Personalized medicine, the tailoring of prevention and treatment, is the future of routine clinical practice. This approach has started to appear in genetic testing for predisposition to hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC). We explored how breast-care providers perceived HBOC risk management, using grounded theory. This study found that the frontline healthcare providers perceived HBOC risk management as still being neglected in breast cancer care. Emerging challenges included treatment priority, hesitancy to deal with sensitive issues, easily missed risks, genetic data not being shared among multidisciplinary professionals, and patients being lost to follow-up. Oncology nurses are ideally placed to facilitate communication and utilization of genetic information among multidisciplinary professionals. Specialized outpatient clinics need to be established to follow up individuals at high risk. There is a need to create a system to meet the future demands of personalized medicine in nursing practice.
个性化医疗，即预防和治疗的定制化，是常规临床实践的未来发展方向。这种方法已开始出现在遗传性乳腺癌和卵巢癌（HBOC）易感性的基因检测中。我们运用扎根理论探讨了乳腺护理人员对HBOC风险管理的看法。本研究发现，一线医疗服务提供者认为在乳腺癌护理中，HBOC风险管理仍被忽视。新出现的挑战包括治疗优先级、处理敏感问题时的犹豫、易被遗漏的风险、多学科专业人员之间未共享基因数据以及患者失访。肿瘤学护士在促进多学科专业人员之间的基因信息沟通和利用方面具有理想的条件。需要设立专门的门诊诊所来对高危个体进行随访。有必要创建一个系统，以满足护理实践中个性化医疗的未来需求。
