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减轻拉丁裔女性宫颈癌的额外负担:将科学转化为健康促进举措。

Reducing the Excess Burden of Cervical Cancer Among Latinas: Translating Science into Health Promotion Initiatives.

作者信息

Baezconde-Garbanati Lourdes, Murphy Sheila T, Moran Meghan Bridgid, Cortessis Victoria K

机构信息

Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California.

Annenberg School of Communication and Journalism, University of Southern California.

出版信息

Calif J Health Promot. 2013;11(1):45-57.

Abstract

PURPOSE

Although deaths from cervical cancer are declining, Latinas are not benefiting equally in this decline. Incidence of invasive cervical cancer among Los Angeles', California Latinas is much higher than among non-Latina Whites (14.7 versus 8.02 per 100,000). This paper examines cervical cancer screening among Latinas.

METHODS

Ninety-seven women of Mexican origin participated in 12 focus groups exploring barriers to screening. Saturation was reached.

RESULTS

All participants knew what a Pap test was and most knew its purpose. More acculturated participants understood the link between HPV and cervical cancer. More recent immigrants did not. There was confusion whether women who were not sexually active need to be screened. Most frequently mentioned barriers were lack of time and concern over missing work. Lower income and less acculturated women were less likely to be aware of free/low-cost clinics. Older and less acculturated participants held more fatalistic beliefs, were more embarrassed about getting a Pap test, were more fearful of being perceived as sexually promiscuous, and were more fearful of receiving disapproval from their husbands.

CONCLUSIONS

Latinas are informed regarding cervical cancer screening; rather they encounter barriers such as a lack of time, money and support. Health promotion interventions can be enhanced via peer-to-peer education, by addressing barriers to cervical cancer screening with in-language, culturally tailored interventions, and working with clinics on systemic changes, such as extended clinic hours.

摘要

目的

尽管宫颈癌死亡人数在下降,但拉丁裔女性在这一下降趋势中并未平等受益。加利福尼亚州洛杉矶市拉丁裔女性浸润性宫颈癌的发病率远高于非拉丁裔白人(每10万人中分别为14.7例和8.02例)。本文探讨拉丁裔女性的宫颈癌筛查情况。

方法

97名墨西哥裔女性参加了12个探讨筛查障碍的焦点小组。达到了饱和状态。

结果

所有参与者都知道巴氏试验是什么,大多数人知道其目的。文化适应程度更高的参与者理解人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)与宫颈癌之间的联系。新移民则不理解。对于无性活跃的女性是否需要筛查存在困惑。最常提到的障碍是缺乏时间以及担心误工。收入较低且文化适应程度较低的女性不太可能知晓免费/低成本诊所。年龄较大且文化适应程度较低的参与者持有更多宿命论观念,对接受巴氏试验更为尴尬,更担心被视为性行为放荡,也更害怕遭到丈夫的反对。

结论

拉丁裔女性了解宫颈癌筛查;相反,她们遇到诸如缺乏时间、金钱和支持等障碍。可通过同伴教育、采用符合语言习惯且针对文化定制的干预措施来解决宫颈癌筛查障碍,并与诊所合作进行系统性变革(如延长门诊时间),从而加强健康促进干预措施。

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