Sneider Jennifer T, Mashhoon Yasmin, Silveri Marisa M
Neurodevelopmental Laboratory on Addictions and Mental Health, McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA ; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Behavioral Psychopharmacology Research Laboratory, McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA USA ; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
J Addict Res Ther. 2013 Apr 24;Suppl 4. doi: 10.4172/2155-6105.S4-010.
Marijuana (MJ) remains the most widely used illicit drug of abuse, and accordingly, is associated with adverse effects on mental and physical health, and neurocognitive decline. Studies investigating the neurobiology of underlying MJ effects have demonstrated structural and functional alterations in brain areas that contain moderate to high concentrations of cannabinoid (CB1) receptors and that are implicated in MJ-related cognitive decrements. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H MRS), a non-invasive imaging technique used to assess neurochemistry, has been widely applied to probe a variety of substance-abusing populations. To date, however, there is a relative paucity of MRS published studies characterizing changes in neurometabolite concentrations in MJ users. Thus, the current review provides a summary of data from the eight existing MRS studies of MJ use in adolescents and adults, as well as interpretations and implications of study findings. Future MRS studies that address additional factors such as sex differences, onset and duration of use, abstinence and age, are warranted, and would lead to a more thorough characterization of potential neurochemical correlates of chronic MJ use, which would fill critical gaps in the existing literature.
大麻（MJ）仍然是滥用最为广泛的非法药物，因此，它与对身心健康的不良影响以及神经认知功能衰退有关。研究潜在大麻影响的神经生物学的研究已经证明，大脑中含有中度至高浓度大麻素（CB1）受体且与大麻相关认知能力下降有关的区域存在结构和功能改变。质子磁共振波谱（H MRS）是一种用于评估神经化学的非侵入性成像技术，已广泛应用于探究各种药物滥用人群。然而，迄今为止，发表的关于表征大麻使用者神经代谢物浓度变化的磁共振波谱研究相对较少。因此，本综述总结了现有的八项关于青少年和成年人使用大麻的磁共振波谱研究的数据，以及研究结果的解释和意义。未来有必要开展涉及性别差异、使用开始时间和持续时间、戒断和年龄等其他因素的磁共振波谱研究，这将有助于更全面地表征长期使用大麻潜在的神经化学相关性，填补现有文献中的关键空白。
