Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27705, USA.
Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 670 W. Baltimore Street, HSF III, Room 1161, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 2020 Dec;15(4):765-779. doi: 10.1007/s11481-020-09921-y. Epub 2020 May 22.
Globally, cannabis is the most commonly used illicit drug, with disproportionately high use among persons with HIV. Despite advances in HIV care, nearly half of persons living with HIV continue to experience neurocognitive deficits or impairments that may have negative impacts on their daily function. Chronic cannabis use may play a role in the development or exacerbation of these impairments. Here we present a review summarizing existing research detailing the effect of cannabis use associated with the neuropathogenesis of HIV. We examine evidence for possible additive or synergistic effects of HIV infection and cannabis use on neuroHIV in both the preclinical and adult human literatures, including in vitro studies, animal models, clinical neuroimaging research, and studies examining the cognitive effects of cannabis. We discuss the limitations of existing research, including methodological challenges involved with clinical research with human subjects. We identify gaps in the field and propose critical research questions to advance our understanding of how cannabis use affects neuroHIV. Graphical Abstract.
在全球范围内，大麻是最常被滥用的非法药物，在艾滋病毒感染者中使用比例过高。尽管在艾滋病毒护理方面取得了进展，但仍有近一半的艾滋病毒感染者持续存在神经认知缺陷或障碍，这可能对他们的日常功能产生负面影响。慢性大麻使用可能在这些损伤的发展或恶化中起作用。在这里，我们回顾了现有研究，总结了大麻使用与 HIV 神经发病机制相关的现有研究。我们检查了 HIV 感染和大麻使用对神经 HIV 的可能相加或协同作用的证据，包括临床前和成人人类文献中的研究，包括体外研究、动物模型、临床神经影像学研究以及研究大麻对认知的影响。我们讨论了现有研究的局限性，包括涉及人类受试者的临床研究中的方法学挑战。我们确定了该领域的差距，并提出了关键的研究问题，以增进我们对大麻使用如何影响神经 HIV 的理解。图表摘要。
