Andrighetto Luca, Baldissarri Cristina, Lattanzio Sara, Loughnan Steve, Volpato Chiara
University of Genova, Italy.
Br J Soc Psychol. 2014 Sep;53(3):573-84. doi: 10.1111/bjso.12066. Epub 2014 Mar 4.
The present research explores the distinct effects of animalistic and mechanistic dehumanization on willingness to help natural disaster victims. We examined Japanese and Haitians, two national groups recently struck by earthquakes. We showed that Italian participants differently dehumanized the two outgroups: Japanese were attributed low human nature (dehumanized as automata), whereas Haitians were attributed low human uniqueness (dehumanized as animal-like). Ninety participants were then randomly assigned to the Japanese or Haitian target group condition. Mediation analyses showed that animalistic dehumanization decreased willingness to help Haitians, whereas mechanistic dehumanization decreased willingness to help Japanese, even when controlling for attitudes. Importantly, reduced empathy explained the effects of both forms of dehumanization on intergroup helping.
本研究探讨了兽性化和机械性去人性化对帮助自然灾害受害者意愿的不同影响。我们调查了日本人和海地人这两个最近遭受地震袭击的国家群体。我们发现，意大利参与者对这两个外群体的去人性化方式有所不同：认为日本人的人性较低（被去人性化为自动机器），而海地人的人类独特性较低（被去人性化为类似动物）。然后，90名参与者被随机分配到日本或海地目标群体条件中。中介分析表明，即使在控制态度的情况下，兽性化去人性化也会降低帮助海地人的意愿，而机械性去人性化则会降低帮助日本人的意愿。重要的是，同理心降低解释了两种去人性化形式对群体间帮助行为的影响。
