Helke C J, Hill K M
Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814.
Neuroscience. 1988 Aug;26(2):539-51. doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(88)90166-2.
The presence and distribution of multiple neuropeptides in vagal and glossopharyngeal afferent ganglia of the rat were studied using immunohistochemistry. Substance P-, calcitonin-gene related peptide-, cholecystokinin-, neurokinin A-, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-, and somatostatin-immunoreactive neurons were detected in each visceral afferent ganglion. Neurotensin-immunoreactive cells were not observed. In the nodose ganglion (inferior ganglion of the vagus nerve) occasional immunoreactive cells were scattered throughout the main (caudal) portion of the ganglion with small clusters of cells seen in the rostral portion. The pattern of distribution of the various peptides in the nodose ganglion was similar, with the exception of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-immunoreactive neurons which exhibited a more caudal distribution. The relative numbers of immunoreactive cells varied, with the greatest numbers being immunoreactive for substance P or vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, and the lowest numbers being immunoreactive for neurokinin A and somatostatin. A build-up of immunoreactivity for each of the peptides, except somatostatin and neurotensin, was detected in vagal nerve fibers of colchicine-injected ganglia. Numerous peptide-immunoreactive cells were also found in the petrosal (inferior ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve) and jugular (superior ganglion of the vagus nerve) ganglia. No specific intraganglionic distribution was noted although the relative numbers of cells which were immunoreactive for the different peptides varied considerably. Substance P and calcitonin-gene related peptide were found in large numbers of cells, cholecystokinin was seen in moderate numbers of cells, and neurokinin A, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and somatostatin were seen in fewer cells. These data provide evidence for the presence and non-uniform distribution of multiple peptide neurotransmitters in vagal and glossopharyngeal afferent neurons. In general, relatively greater numbers of immunoreactive cells were located in the rostral compared with caudal nodose ganglion, and in the petrosal and jugular ganglia compared with the nodose ganglion. Thus, multiple neuropeptides may be involved as afferent neurotransmitters in the reflexes mediated by vagal and glossopharyngeal sensory nerves.
采用免疫组织化学方法研究了大鼠迷走神经和舌咽神经传入神经节中多种神经肽的存在及分布情况。在每个内脏传入神经节中均检测到了P物质、降钙素基因相关肽、胆囊收缩素、神经激肽A、血管活性肠肽和生长抑素免疫反应性神经元。未观察到神经降压素免疫反应性细胞。在结状神经节（迷走神经下神经节）中，偶尔可见免疫反应性细胞散布于神经节的主要（尾侧）部分，在头侧部分可见小细胞簇。除血管活性肠肽免疫反应性神经元表现出更靠尾侧的分布外，结状神经节中各种肽的分布模式相似。免疫反应性细胞的相对数量各不相同，其中对P物质或血管活性肠肽免疫反应性最强的细胞数量最多，而对神经激肽A和生长抑素免疫反应性最低的细胞数量最少。在注射秋水仙碱的神经节的迷走神经纤维中，除生长抑素和神经降压素外，每种肽的免疫反应性均有增强。在岩神经节（舌咽神经下神经节）和颈静脉神经节（迷走神经上神经节）中也发现了大量的肽免疫反应性细胞。尽管对不同肽免疫反应性的细胞相对数量差异很大，但未观察到特定的神经节内分布情况。大量细胞中发现了P物质和降钙素基因相关肽，中等数量细胞中发现了胆囊收缩素，较少细胞中发现了神经激肽A、血管活性肠肽和生长抑素。这些数据为迷走神经和舌咽神经传入神经元中多种肽类神经递质的存在及非均匀分布提供了证据。一般来说，与尾侧结状神经节相比，头侧结状神经节中免疫反应性细胞数量相对较多，与结状神经节相比，岩神经节和颈静脉神经节中免疫反应性细胞数量相对较多。因此，多种神经肽可能作为传入神经递质参与迷走神经和舌咽神经感觉神经介导的反射。
