Department of Animal Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland.
Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland.
PLoS One. 2020 Nov 23;15(11):e0242746. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242746. eCollection 2020.
Galanin is a neuropeptide widely expressed in central and peripheral nerves and is known to be engaged in neuronal responses to pathological changes. Stomach ulcerations are one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders. Impaired stomach function in peptic ulcer disease suggests changes in autonomic nerve reflexes controlled by the inferior vagal ganglion, resulting in stomach dysfunction. In this paper, changes in the galaninergic response of inferior vagal neurons to gastric ulceration in a pig model of the disease were analyzed based on the authors' previous studies. The study was performed on 24 animals (12 control and 12 experimental). Gastric ulcers were induced by submucosal injections of 40% acetic acid solution into stomach submucosa and bilateral inferior vagal ganglia were collected one week afterwards. The number of galanin-immunoreactive perikarya in each ganglion was counted to determine fold-changes between both groups of animals and Q-PCR was applied to verify the changes in relative expression level of mRNA encoding both galanin and its receptor subtypes: GalR1, GalR2, GalR3. The results revealed a 2.72-fold increase in the number of galanin-immunoreactive perikarya compared with the controls. Q-PCR revealed that all studied genes were expressed in examined ganglia in both groups of animals. Statistical analysis revealed a 4.63-fold increase in galanin and a 1.45-fold increase in GalR3 mRNA as compared with the controls. No differences were observed between the groups for GalR1 or GalR2. The current study confirmed changes in the galaninergic inferior vagal ganglion response to stomach ulcerations and demonstrated, for the first time, the expression of mRNA encoding all galanin receptor subtypes in the porcine inferior vagal ganglia.
神经节甘丙肽是一种广泛表达于中枢和外周神经系统的神经肽，已知其参与神经元对病理变化的反应。胃溃疡是最常见的胃肠道疾病之一。消化性溃疡病中胃功能受损表明受迷走神经下神经节控制的自主神经反射发生变化，导致胃功能障碍。在本文中，作者根据先前的研究分析了疾病猪模型中迷走神经下神经元神经节甘丙肽反应对胃溃疡的变化。该研究在 24 只动物（12 只对照和 12 只实验）上进行。通过向胃黏膜下注射 40%乙酸溶液在胃黏膜下诱导胃溃疡，一周后收集双侧迷走神经下神经节。计算每个神经节中甘丙肽免疫反应性胞体的数量，以确定两组动物之间的倍数变化，并应用 Q-PCR 验证编码甘丙肽及其受体亚型：GalR1、GalR2、GalR3 的 mRNA 相对表达水平的变化。结果显示，与对照组相比，甘丙肽免疫反应性胞体的数量增加了 2.72 倍。Q-PCR 显示，两组动物的检查神经节中均表达了所有研究基因。统计分析显示，与对照组相比，甘丙肽增加了 4.63 倍，GalR3 mRNA 增加了 1.45 倍。GalR1 或 GalR2 两组之间无差异。本研究证实了迷走神经下神经节对胃溃疡反应的神经节甘丙肽变化，并首次证明了所有甘丙肽受体亚型的 mRNA 在猪迷走神经下神经节中的表达。
