丽蝇蛹集金小蜂成对规则基因的表达和功能突出了胚胎发育的双模式。

Dual mode of embryonic development is highlighted by expression and function of Nasonia pair-rule genes.

作者信息

Rosenberg Miriam I, Brent Ava E, Payre Francois, Desplan Claude

机构信息

Center for Developmental Genetics, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, United States.

出版信息

Elife. 2014 Mar 5;3:e01440. doi: 10.7554/eLife.01440.

Embryonic anterior-posterior patterning is well understood in Drosophila, which uses 'long germ' embryogenesis, in which all segments are patterned before cellularization. In contrast, most insects use 'short germ' embryogenesis, wherein only head and thorax are patterned in a syncytial environment while the remainder of the embryo is generated after cellularization. We use the wasp Nasonia (Nv) to address how the transition from short to long germ embryogenesis occurred. Maternal and gap gene expression in Nasonia suggest long germ embryogenesis. However, the Nasonia pair-rule genes even-skipped, odd-skipped, runt and hairy are all expressed as early blastoderm pair-rule stripes and late-forming posterior stripes. Knockdown of Nv eve, odd or h causes loss of alternate segments at the anterior and complete loss of abdominal segments. We propose that Nasonia uses a mixed mode of segmentation wherein pair-rule genes pattern the embryo in a manner resembling Drosophila at the anterior and ancestral Tribolium at the posterior. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.01440.001.

胚胎前后模式在果蝇中已得到充分理解，果蝇采用“长胚带”胚胎发育方式，即所有体节在细胞化之前就已形成模式。相比之下，大多数昆虫采用“短胚带”胚胎发育方式，其中只有头部和胸部在合胞体环境中形成模式，而胚胎的其余部分在细胞化后产生。我们利用黄蜂丽蝇蛹集金小蜂（Nv）来研究从短胚带到长胚带胚胎发育的转变是如何发生的。丽蝇蛹集金小蜂中的母体基因和间隙基因表达表明其具有长胚带胚胎发育特征。然而，丽蝇蛹集金小蜂的成对规则基因，如偶数缺口、奇数缺口、 runt 和毛状基因，均以早期胚盘成对规则条纹和后期形成的后部条纹形式表达。敲低Nv偶数缺口、奇数缺口或毛状基因会导致前部交替体节缺失以及腹部体节完全缺失。我们提出，丽蝇蛹集金小蜂采用一种混合的体节形成模式，其中成对规则基因以前部类似于果蝇、后部类似于祖先赤拟谷盗的方式对胚胎进行模式化。DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.01440.001 。