France Christopher R, Kowalsky Jennifer M, France Janis L, Himawan Lina K, Kessler Debra A, Shaz Beth H
Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio.
Transfusion. 2014 Aug;54(8):2098-105. doi: 10.1111/trf.12588. Epub 2014 Mar 6.
Evidence indicates that donor identity is an important predictor of donation behavior; however, prior studies have relied on diverse, unidimensional measures with limited psychometric support. The goals of this study were to examine the application of self-determination theory to blood donor motivations and to develop and validate a related multidimensional measure of donor identity.
Items were developed and administered electronically to a sample of New York Blood Center (NYBC) donors (n=582) and then to a sample of Ohio University students (n=1005). Following initial confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on the NYBC sample to identify key items related to self-determination theory's six motivational factors, a revised survey was administered to the university sample to reexamine model fit and to assess survey reliability and validity.
Consistent with self-determination theory, for both samples CFAs indicated that the best fit to the data was provided by a six-motivational-factor model, including amotivation, external regulation, introjected regulation, identified regulation, integrated regulation, and intrinsic regulation.
The Blood Donor Identity Survey provides a psychometrically sound, multidimensional measure of donor motivations (ranging from unmotivated to donate to increasing levels of autonomous motivation to donate) that is suitable for nondonors as well as donors with varying levels of experience. Future research is needed to examine longitudinal changes in donor identity and its relationship to actual donation behavior.
有证据表明，献血者身份是献血行为的一个重要预测因素；然而，先前的研究依赖于多样的、单维的测量方法，且心理测量学支持有限。本研究的目的是检验自我决定理论在献血者动机方面的应用，并开发和验证一种相关的献血者身份多维测量方法。
编制条目并以电子方式发放给纽约血液中心（NYBC）的献血者样本（n = 582），然后发放给俄亥俄大学的学生样本（n = 1005）。在对NYBC样本进行初始验证性因素分析（CFA）以确定与自我决定理论的六个动机因素相关的关键条目之后，对大学样本进行修订后的调查，以重新检验模型拟合情况，并评估调查的信度和效度。
与自我决定理论一致，对于两个样本，CFA均表明，六动机因素模型对数据的拟合最佳，该模型包括无动机、外部调节、内摄调节、认同调节、整合调节和内在调节。
献血者身份调查提供了一种心理测量学上合理的、多维的献血者动机测量方法（范围从不愿意献血到自主献血动机增强），适用于非献血者以及不同经验水平的献血者。未来需要进行研究，以考察献血者身份的纵向变化及其与实际献血行为的关系。
