Mccown Michael Eric, Monterroso Victor H, Cardona Wilder
J Spec Oper Med. 2014 Spring;14(1):86-90. doi: 10.55460/YYT5-90FP.
Emerging infectious and zoonotic diseases are made up in large proportion by vector-borne diseases (VBD). Dogs are parasitized by disease vectors such as ticks and mosquitoes, making dogs adequate reservoirs for zoonoses. Risk of exposure to VBD exists for the U.S. military personnel and Military Working Dogs (MWD) when deployed globally. The importance of canine VBD surveillance relates to veterinary and public health significance for the host nations as well as for the U.S. troops and MWDs. The objective of this work was to survey dogs from the cities of Medellin, Barranquilla, and Cartagena in Colombia to determine the prevalence of heartworm disease (Dirofilaria immitis), ehrlichiosis (Ehrlichia canis), Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi), and anaplasmosis (Anaplasma phagocytophilum).
Canine (n=498) blood samples (1? 3 mL) were collected during July 2011 from Medellin (n=175), Barranquilla (n=223), and Cartagena (n=100) and were tested on-site using IDEXX SNAP? 4Dx? Test Kits.
The overall combined sample prevalence of E. canis, A. phagocytophilum, D. immitis, and B. burgdorferi was 62%, 33%, 1.6%, and 0%, respectively. In Medellin, 26% of the samples were positive for E. canis, 12% for A. phagocytophilum, and 0% for D. immitis. In Barranquilla, sample prevalence for E. canis, A. phagocytophilum, and D. immitis was 83%, 40%, and 2%, respectively. In Cartagena, E. canis, A. phagocytophilum, and D. immitis prevalence was 80%, 51%, and 3%, respectively.
E. canis and A. phagocytophilum are present in all three surveyed cities. There is a higher sample prevalence for E. canis and A. phagocytophilum than for D. immitis. In addition, the prevalence for these organisms is higher in Barranquilla and Cartagena than in Medellin. Overall, this study emphasizes the value of surveillance for VBDs in order to determine disease prevalence, develop risk assessments, and implement control measures.
新发传染病和人畜共患病很大一部分是媒介传播疾病（VBD）。狗会被蜱虫和蚊子等疾病媒介寄生，这使得狗成为人畜共患病的合适宿主。美国军事人员和军犬（MWD）在全球部署时存在接触VBD的风险。犬类VBD监测的重要性涉及到对东道国以及美国军队和军犬的兽医和公共卫生意义。这项工作的目的是对哥伦比亚麦德林、巴兰基亚和卡塔赫纳市的狗进行调查，以确定心丝虫病（犬恶丝虫）、埃立克体病（犬埃立克体）、莱姆病（伯氏疏螺旋体）和无形体病（嗜吞噬细胞无形体）的患病率。
2011年7月期间，从麦德林（n = 175）、巴兰基亚（n = 223）和卡塔赫纳（n = 100）采集了犬类（n = 498）血液样本（1 - 3 mL），并使用IDEXX SNAP? 4Dx?检测试剂盒进行现场检测。
犬埃立克体、嗜吞噬细胞无形体、犬恶丝虫和伯氏疏螺旋体的总体合并样本患病率分别为62%、33%、1.6%和0%。在麦德林，26%的样本犬埃立克体呈阳性，12%的样本嗜吞噬细胞无形体呈阳性，犬恶丝虫呈阳性的样本为0%。在巴兰基亚，犬埃立克体、嗜吞噬细胞无形体和犬恶丝虫的样本患病率分别为83%、40%和2%。在卡塔赫纳，犬埃立克体、嗜吞噬细胞无形体和犬恶丝虫的患病率分别为80%、51%和3%。
犬埃立克体和嗜吞噬细胞无形体在所有三个被调查城市均有存在。犬埃立克体和嗜吞噬细胞无形体的样本患病率高于犬恶丝虫。此外，这些病原体在巴兰基亚和卡塔赫纳的患病率高于麦德林。总体而言，本研究强调了VBD监测对于确定疾病患病率、开展风险评估和实施控制措施的价值。
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