Bonilla-Aldana D Katterine, Gutiérrez-Grajales Erwin J, Martínez-Arboleda J Paola, Reina-Mora María Angelica, Trejos-Mendoza Adrián E, Pérez-Vargas Soffia, Valencia-Mejía Lorenzo, Marín-Arboleda Luisa F, Osorio-Navia Daniela, Chacón-Peña Mariana, González-Colonia Luz Victoria, Cardona-Ospina Jaime A, Jiménez-Posada Erika Vanessa, Diaz Andrés, Salazar Jean Carlos, Sierra Manuel, Muñoz-Lara Fausto, Zambrano Lysien I, Ramírez-Vallejo Eduardo, Álvarez Juan Camilo, Jaramillo-Delgado Ingrid Lorena, Pecho-Silva Samuel, Paniz-Mondolfi Alberto, Faccini-Martínez Álvaro A, Rodríguez-Morales Alfonso J
Semillero de Investigación en Zoonosis (SIZOO), Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia.
Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia.
Parasite Epidemiol Control. 2022 Apr 1;17:e00249. doi: 10.1016/j.parepi.2022.e00249. eCollection 2022 May.
Tick-borne diseases (TBD) and dirofilariosis are currently not under surveillance in most Latin American countries. In addition, there is a significant lack of studies describing the current situation in most endemic areas, including Colombia. Therefore, seroprevalence studies are crucial for understanding the epidemiology of these vector-borne diseases.
A serosurvey for TBD and dirofilariosis among 100 dogs was carried out in the municipality of Pereira, located in the Coffee-Triangle region, Colombia. Samples were tested using a rapid assay test system (SNAP® 4Dx®); based on an enzyme immunoassay technique' screening for antibodies to (sensitivity 99.1%)' s.l. (98.8%), and (96.2%) by using specific antigens and checking for antigen based on specific antibodies (99.2%). Bivariate analyses were performed on Stata®14, significant < 0.05.
Global seroprevalence to the selected vector-borne pathogens was 74% (95%CI 65-83%). The highest seroprevalence was found for (74%), followed by (16%). Seropositivity for spp. and spp. was 0%. All spp. seropositive dogs showed co-detection of spp. (16%). Seroprevalence was significantly higher among dogs from families of lower socioeconomic status/level (I, 86%), followed by level II (74%), and III (36%) ( = 0.001). All dogs exhibiting anorexia (12%) were invariably seropositive (100%) ( = 0.029). Seroprevalence was higher among those showing mucocutaneous paleness (95%) compared to those without paleness (68%) ( = 0.013) (OR = 9.3; 95%CI 1.18-72.9). There was high variability in seroprevalence through the studied areas, ranging from 0% (La Libertad Park) up to Combia, Cesar Nader, Las Brisas and Saturno localities (100%) ( = 0.033).
Given the high seroprevalence obtained in an area with documented ticks, there is a potential risk of zoonotic transmission to humans. Further seroprevalence studies in humans are needed to assess the prevalence of infections. Poverty is highly associated with these tick-borne pathogens in Pereira, as shown in the present study.
在大多数拉丁美洲国家，蜱传疾病（TBD）和恶丝虫病目前未受到监测。此外，在包括哥伦比亚在内的大多数流行地区，严重缺乏描述当前状况的研究。因此，血清阳性率研究对于了解这些媒介传播疾病的流行病学至关重要。
在哥伦比亚咖啡三角地区的佩雷拉市，对100只狗进行了TBD和恶丝虫病的血清学调查。样本使用快速检测系统（SNAP® 4Dx®）进行检测；基于酶免疫测定技术，通过使用特异性抗原筛选针对犬埃立克体（敏感性99.1%）、犬巴贝斯虫（98.8%）和犬心丝虫（96.2%）的抗体，并根据特异性抗体检测犬心丝虫抗原（99.2%）。在Stata®14上进行双变量分析，显著性P<0.05。
对选定的媒介传播病原体的总体血清阳性率为74%（95%可信区间65 - 83%）。犬埃立克体的血清阳性率最高（74%），其次是犬巴贝斯虫（16%）。犬无形体属和犬泰勒虫属的血清阳性率为0%。所有犬埃立克体血清阳性的狗均显示同时检测到犬巴贝斯虫（16%）。社会经济地位/水平较低家庭的狗的血清阳性率显著更高（I级，86%），其次是II级（74%）和III级（36%）（P = 0.001）。所有表现出厌食的狗（12%）均为血清阳性（100%）（P = 0.029）。与无皮肤黏膜苍白的狗相比，有皮肤黏膜苍白的狗血清阳性率更高（95%）（P = 0.013）（比值比 = 9.3；95%可信区间1.18 - 72.9）。在所研究地区，血清阳性率差异很大，从0%（拉利伯塔德公园）到孔比亚、塞萨尔·纳德尔、拉斯布里萨斯和土星地区（100%）（P = 0.033）。
鉴于在有蜱记录的地区获得了较高的血清阳性率，存在人畜共患病传播给人类的潜在风险。需要对人类进行进一步的血清阳性率研究，以评估感染的流行情况。如本研究所示，在佩雷拉，贫困与这些蜱传病原体高度相关。
