Department of Psychiatry, Universidade de São Paulo, São PauloSP, Brazil, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo AndréSP, Brazil, Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
Braz J Psychiatry. 2014 Jan-Mar;36(1):24-31. doi: 10.1590/1516-4446-2013-1206. Epub 2014 Mar 1.
Cocaine dependence is a major international public health concern. Its chronically relapsing nature is possibly related to craving intensity, which can be influenced by diverse biological and psychological aspects. This study aimed to evaluate the role of different personality traits in craving measured throughout a psychosocial treatment program.
The sample comprised 66 cocaine-dependent outpatients who were enrolled in an individual and manualized cognitive-behavioral therapy program. The influence of personality traits on craving intensity, frequency, and duration was analyzed using a generalized estimating equations model with an autoregressive correlation structure.
Craving varied during treatment. The personality traits of novelty seeking, reward dependence, and harm avoidance interacted with craving intensity, and the personality trait of persistence interacted with craving duration throughout the treatment period. Furthermore, there were significant interactions between drug use and craving intensity, and between different routes of administration and craving intensity. Participants who used cocaine/crack while in treatment and concurrent users of crack (i.e., freebase) cocaine and powder cocaine also had a higher craving intensity.
The extent of craving variation can depend on certain personality styles. This study shows that craving is influenced by personality traits, and this may presumably change clinical expression involved in disease.
可卡因依赖是一个主要的国际公共卫生问题。其慢性复发性的特点可能与渴望强度有关，而渴望强度可能受到多种生物和心理因素的影响。本研究旨在评估不同人格特质在整个心理社会治疗计划中对渴望的影响。
该样本包括 66 名可卡因依赖的门诊患者，他们参加了个体和手册化的认知行为治疗计划。使用具有自回归相关结构的广义估计方程模型分析人格特质对渴望强度、频率和持续时间的影响。
在治疗过程中，渴望程度有所变化。在治疗期间，猎奇倾向、奖赏依赖和回避危险等人格特质与渴望强度相互作用，而坚持性人格特质与渴望持续时间相互作用。此外，药物使用与渴望强度之间以及不同给药途径与渴望强度之间存在显著的相互作用。在治疗期间同时使用可卡因/快克以及同时使用游离碱可卡因和粉末可卡因的参与者渴望强度更高。
渴望变化的程度可能取决于某些人格类型。本研究表明，渴望受到人格特质的影响，这可能会改变疾病相关的临床表现。
