Department of Linguistics, The Ohio State University, 1712 Neil Avenue, Oxley Hall 222, Columbus, Ohio 43210.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2014 Mar;135(3):1585-95. doi: 10.1121/1.4863653.
The current study reports the results of a perception experiment in which 20 naive native Mandarin listeners classified and rated the goodness of Korean stops /p, t, k, p(h), t(h), k(h), p*, t*, k*/, affricates /tɕ, tɕ*, tɕ(h)/, and fricatives /s(h), s*/ in terms of Mandarin segmental categories. It was found that listeners were sensitive to the voice onset time dimension of Korean stops and the presence of aspiration in Korean affricates, but Korean lenis and aspirated obstruents were generally assimilated to a single Mandarin category because the f0 cue differentiating them is not relevant to any Mandarin segmental contrast. The affricates were perceived as alveolopalatal and postalveolar more often than alveolar. The perception of fricatives was strongly influenced by vowel context, as the two fricatives were often perceived as different categories before /a/, but as the same category more often before /i/ and /u/. The results for the affricates and fricatives may be partly explained by Mandarin phonotactic constraints that prohibit alveolar and postalveolar consonants before /i/ and alveolopalatal consonants before /a/ or /u/.
本研究报告了一项感知实验的结果，该实验共有 20 位母语为普通话的非专业受试参与，他们对韩语的塞音 /p, t, k, p(h), t(h), k(h), p*, t*, k*/、塞擦音 /tɕ, tɕ*, tɕ(h)/和擦音 /s(h), s*/进行分类并对其进行好坏程度的评价，评价标准参照普通话的音段范畴。实验结果表明，受试能够感知到韩语塞音的声学起始时间维度以及韩语塞擦音的送气特征，但韩语的不送气音和送气音通常会被归为普通话的同一音段范畴，因为区分它们的基频线索与普通话的任何音段对立都没有关系。受试更多地将塞擦音感知为龈腭音和卷舌音，而非齿龈音。擦音的感知强烈受到元音环境的影响，例如，在 /a/ 之前，两个擦音通常被感知为不同的音段范畴，但在 /i/ 和 /u/ 之前则更常被感知为同一音段范畴。塞擦音和擦音的实验结果部分可以用普通话的音系限制来解释，这些限制禁止在 /i/ 之前出现齿龈音和卷舌音，以及在 /a/ 或 /u/ 之前出现龈腭音。
