Expert Rev Vaccines. 2014 Apr;13(4):473-87. doi: 10.1586/14760584.2014.893195.
Helminth parasites infect over one fourth of the human population and are highly prevalent in livestock worldwide. In model systems, parasites are strongly immunomodulatory, but the immune system can be driven to expel them by prior vaccination. However, no vaccines are currently available for human use. Recent advances in vaccination with recombinant helminth antigens have been successful against cestode infections of livestock and new vaccines are being tested against nematode parasites of animals. Numerous vaccine antigens are being defined for a wide range of helminth parasite species, but greater understanding is needed to define the mechanisms of vaccine-induced immunity, to lay a rational platform for new vaccines and their optimal design. With human trials underway for hookworm and schistosomiasis vaccines, a greater integration between veterinary and human studies will highlight the common molecular and mechanistic pathways, and accelerate progress towards reducing the global health burden of helminth infection.
寄生虫感染超过四分之一的世界人口，在全球范围内在牲畜中高度流行。在模型系统中，寄生虫具有很强的免疫调节作用，但通过预先接种疫苗，免疫系统可以被驱动来驱除它们。然而，目前还没有针对人类使用的疫苗。用重组寄生虫抗原进行疫苗接种的最新进展在对抗家畜的绦虫感染方面取得了成功，并且正在针对动物的线虫寄生虫测试新疫苗。针对广泛的寄生虫种类，正在定义许多疫苗抗原，但需要更多的了解来定义疫苗诱导免疫的机制，为新疫苗及其最佳设计奠定合理的平台。随着针对钩虫和血吸虫病疫苗的人体试验的进行，兽医和人类研究之间的更大整合将突出共同的分子和机制途径，并加速减少寄生虫感染对全球健康负担的进展。
