Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2014 Mar-Apr;56(5):515-21. doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2013.09.011. Epub 2013 Oct 11.
In the Japanese workplace, employers are required to provide annual health checkups for workers in accordance with the "Industrial Safety and Health Law," which also mandates that an occupational physician be assigned to companies employing at least 50 workers. The annual medical examination includes testing for the early detection of cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome. This approach has successfully contributed to the extremely low incidence of coronary artery disease among Japanese workers. However, problems such as poor health and the low rate of participation in health checkups among small-scale companies still persist. Furthermore, although most wellness delivery systems in Japan employ strategies targeting high-risk individuals, instituting a strategy addressing the broader population irrespective of screening may be effective in reducing disease risk in the overall population. As a future direction, we should therefore develop practical methods for implementing a population strategy.
在日本的职场中，根据《工业安全卫生法》，雇主有义务为工人提供年度健康检查，并且规定至少雇用 50 名工人的公司必须配备职业医生。年度体检包括检测心血管疾病风险因素，如高血压、血脂异常、糖尿病和代谢综合征的早期发现。这种方法成功地降低了日本工人患冠状动脉疾病的极低发病率。然而，小规模公司的健康状况不佳和参与体检的比例低等问题仍然存在。此外，尽管日本的大多数健康促进系统采用针对高危人群的策略，但实施一种针对更广泛人群的策略，而不考虑筛查，可能会有效降低整个人群的疾病风险。因此，作为未来的发展方向，我们应该制定实施人口策略的实用方法。
