Institute of Virology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
Institute of Molecular Biology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
Vet Microbiol. 2014 May 14;170(1-2):58-64. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.01.038. Epub 2014 Feb 9.
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV3) and bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) are important pathogens associated with the bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC). Non-bovine ruminants such as goats may also be infected and serve as a virus reservoir to be considered in the development of control strategies. To evaluate the susceptibility of caprine airway epithelial cells to infection by viruses of BRDC, we established a culture system for differentiated caprine epithelial cells. For this purpose, we generated precision-cut lung slices (PCLS), in which cells are retained in their original structural configuration and remain viable for more than a week. The three bovine viruses were found to preferentially infect different cell types. Ciliated epithelial cells were the major target cells of BPIV3, whereas BHV-1 preferred basal cells. Cells infected by BRSV were detected in submucosal cell layers. This spectrum of susceptible cells is the same as that reported recently for infected bovine PCLS. While infection of caprine cells by BRSV and BPIV3 was as efficient as that reported for bovine cells, infection of caprine cells by BHV-1 required a tenfold higher dose of infectious virus as compared to infection of bovine airway cells. These results support the notion that non-bovine ruminants may serve as a reservoir for viruses of BRDC and introduce a culture system to analyze virus infection of differentiated airway epithelial cells from the caprine lung.
牛呼吸道合胞体病毒（BRSV）、牛副流感病毒 3 型（BPIV3）和牛疱疹病毒 1 型（BHV-1）是与牛呼吸道疾病复合症（BRDC）相关的重要病原体。非反刍动物如山羊也可能被感染，并作为病毒储存库，在制定控制策略时需要考虑。为了评估山羊呼吸道上皮细胞对 BRDC 相关病毒感染的易感性，我们建立了山羊上皮细胞分化培养体系。为此，我们生成了精密切割肺切片（PCLS），其中细胞保留在其原始结构构象中，并保持存活超过一周。发现这三种牛病毒优先感染不同的细胞类型。纤毛上皮细胞是 BPIV3 的主要靶细胞，而 BHV-1 则偏好基底细胞。在黏膜下细胞层中检测到感染 BRSV 的细胞。这种易感细胞谱与最近报道的感染牛 PCLS 的细胞谱相同。虽然 BRSV 和 BPIV3 感染山羊细胞的效率与报道的牛细胞相同，但与感染牛气道细胞相比，BHV-1 感染山羊细胞需要高出十倍的感染性病毒剂量。这些结果支持了非反刍动物可能是 BRDC 相关病毒储存库的观点，并引入了一种培养系统来分析来自山羊肺的分化呼吸道上皮细胞的病毒感染。
