Sullivan S L, Anderson G A, Morley P S, Hinchcliff K W
Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia.
Equine Vet J. 2015 May;47(3):350-7. doi: 10.1111/evj.12263. Epub 2014 May 29.
Exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH) is associated with impaired short-term race performance but consequences to long-term race performance of Thoroughbred racehorses are unknown. Knowledge of effects of EIPH on performance over a prolonged time would inform the need for management and treatment of this disorder.
To determine the relationship between EIPH detected on a single occasion and long-term athletic performance in Thoroughbred racehorses.
Prospective, longitudinal, observational epidemiological study conducted from 2003 to 2012.
Seven hundred and forty-four Thoroughbred racehorses underwent a single tracheobronchoscopic examination to determine presence and severity of EIPH in 2003. Following retirement of all the horses from racing, career after examination and lifetime performance data (including career duration, earnings, starts, wins and placings) were abstracted from a commercial database. The association between presence and severity of EIPH and individual performance variables were analysed using survival analysis, linear regression and negative binomial regression.
No association was detected between the presence of any EIPH (grade ≥1) and all measures of long-term performance examined except that horses with EIPH (grade ≥2) had fewer earnings after endoscopic examination than did horses with mild EIPH or no EIPH (grades ≤1). Multiple associations were detected between the most severe form of EIPH (grade 4) and measures of long-term performance suggesting that the severity of EIPH commonly associated with epistaxis adversely affects either the horse's opportunity to race or physiologic capacity to race.
We conclude that there is no association between EIPH grades 0, 1, 2 and 3 and long-term racing performance of Thoroughbred racehorses. These results are based on a single endoscopic evaluation of EIPH grade made during a horse's career. Further studies are required to determine the reasons for an association of severe (grade 4) EIPH with impaired long-term race performance.
运动性肺出血（EIPH）与短期比赛成绩受损有关，但对纯种赛马长期比赛成绩的影响尚不清楚。了解EIPH对长期比赛成绩的影响将有助于确定对该疾病进行管理和治疗的必要性。
确定纯种赛马单次检测到的EIPH与长期运动成绩之间的关系。
2003年至2012年进行的前瞻性、纵向、观察性流行病学研究。
2003年，744匹纯种赛马接受了一次气管支气管镜检查，以确定EIPH的存在和严重程度。所有马匹退役后，从商业数据库中提取检查后的职业生涯及终身比赛成绩数据（包括职业生涯时长、收入、参赛次数、获胜次数和名次）。使用生存分析、线性回归和负二项回归分析EIPH的存在和严重程度与个体比赛成绩变量之间的关联。
除了EIPH（≥2级）的马匹在内镜检查后的收入低于轻度EIPH或无EIPH（≤1级）的马匹外，未检测到任何EIPH（≥1级）与所检查的所有长期比赛成绩指标之间存在关联。在最严重形式的EIPH（4级）与长期比赛成绩指标之间检测到多种关联，这表明通常与鼻出血相关的EIPH严重程度会对马匹的参赛机会或生理参赛能力产生不利影响。
我们得出结论，EIPH 0级、1级、2级和3级与纯种赛马的长期比赛成绩之间没有关联。这些结果基于对马匹职业生涯中EIPH等级的单次内镜评估。需要进一步研究以确定严重（4级）EIPH与长期比赛成绩受损之间存在关联的原因。
