Heroux M E, Braubach M, Korol N, Krzyzanowski M, Paunovic E, Zastenskaya I
Gig Sanit. 2013 Nov-Dec(6):9-14.
For the time present the World Health Organization (WHO) is coordinating two major international projects aimed to provide the European Union (EU) with science-based information on health aspects of air pollution for a comprehensive analysis of EU policy in the field of air quality, scheduled for 2013. The information provided is structured in the form of answers to 26 policy-forming key questions, defined by the European Commission (EC). The questions cover the both general aspects that are important for air quality management, and also specific topics related to the health effects of certain air pollutants. Texts of the answers to the questions were provided on requests of large group of invited experts from leading specialized institutions around the world. First stages of the overview of existing data have shown that in recent years there has been published a significant amount of information proving adverse health effects of suspended particulate matter (PM), ozone (O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in an amount, which typically occurs in the air in Europe. These new data confirm the findings reported in renewed in 2005 WHO Guidelines for Air Quality (GAQ), and show that the negative health effects in some cases may take place at concentrations of aeropollutants in the air below mentioned in the GAQ in 2005. In the review there are presented the scientific arguments in favor of adoption of strong measures to improvement air quality and reduction of the burden of diseases associated with air pollution in Europe. The conclusions formulated within a framework of these projects, are equally referred to all Member States and can become a basis for the development and implementation of effective strategies to reduce air pollution and reduction of its negative impact on the health of the population.
目前，世界卫生组织（WHO）正在协调两个重大国际项目，旨在为欧盟（EU）提供关于空气污染健康影响的科学依据信息，以便对定于2013年进行的欧盟空气质量领域政策进行全面分析。所提供的信息以回答欧盟委员会（EC）确定的26个政策形成关键问题的形式构建。这些问题既涵盖对空气质量管理很重要的一般方面，也包括与某些空气污染物健康影响相关的具体主题。问题答案的文本是应来自世界各地领先专业机构的一大批受邀专家的要求提供的。现有数据概述的第一阶段表明，近年来已发表了大量信息，证明欧洲空气中通常存在的悬浮颗粒物（PM）、臭氧（O₃）和二氧化氮（NO₂）对健康有不利影响。这些新数据证实了2005年更新的世界卫生组织《空气质量指南》（GAQ）中报告的研究结果，并表明在某些情况下，空气污染物浓度低于2005年GAQ中提及的浓度时，也可能产生负面健康影响。该综述提出了支持采取有力措施改善空气质量和减轻欧洲与空气污染相关疾病负担的科学论据。在这些项目框架内得出的结论，同样适用于所有成员国，并可成为制定和实施有效战略以减少空气污染及其对民众健康负面影响的基础。
