Heldwein Clarissa G, Silva Lenise de L, Gai Eduarda Z, Roman Cassiela, Parodi Thaylise V, Bürger Marilise E, Baldisserotto Bernardo, Flores Érico M de M, Heinzmann Berta M
Department of Industrial Pharmacy, UFSM, Santa Maria, Brazil.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2014 Nov;41(6):621-9. doi: 10.1111/vaa.12146. Epub 2014 Mar 14.
The present study describes the isolation of linalool from the essential oil of Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Brown, and its anesthetic effect in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) in comparison with essential oil. The potentiation of depressant effects of linalool with a benzodiazepine (BDZ) and the involvement of GABAergic system in its antagonism by flumazenil were also evaluated.
Prospective experimental study.
Juvenile silver catfish unknown sex weighing mean 9.24 ± 2.83 g (n = 6 for each experimental group per experiment).
Column chromatography was used for the isolation of S-(+)-linalool. Fish (n = 6 for each concentration) were transferred to aquaria with linalool (30, 60, and 180 μL L(-1)) or EO of L. alba (50, 100, and 300 μL L(-1)) to determine the induction time for anesthesia. After induction, the animals were transferred to anesthetic-free aquaria to assess their recovery time. To observe the potentiation, fish were exposed to linalool (30, 60, and 180 μL L(-1)) in the presence or absence of BDZ (diazepam 150 μm). In another experiment, fish exposed to linalool (30 and 180 μL L(-1) or BDZ were transferred to an anesthetic-free aquaria containing flumazenil (5 μm) or water to assess recovery time.
Linalool had a similar sedation profile to the essential oil at a proportional concentration in silver catfish. However, the anesthesia profile was different. Potentiation of linalool effect occurred only when tested at low concentration. Fish exposed to BDZ showed faster anesthesia recovery in water with flumazenil, but the same did not occur with linalool.
The use of linalool as a sedative and anesthetic for silver catfish was effective at 30 and 180 μL L(-1), respectively. The mechanism of action seems not to involve the benzodiazepine site of the GABAergic system.
本研究描述了从白香蜂草（Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Brown）精油中分离芳樟醇，并将其与精油对比，研究其对蟾胡子鲶（Rhamdia quelen）的麻醉效果。还评估了苯二氮䓬（BDZ）对芳樟醇抑制作用的增强效果，以及氟马西尼对其拮抗作用中γ-氨基丁酸能系统的参与情况。
前瞻性实验研究。
平均体重为9.24 ± 2.83 g的未确定性别的幼年蟾胡子鲶（每个实验组每次实验n = 6）。
采用柱色谱法分离S-(+)-芳樟醇。将鱼（每种浓度n = 6）转移至含有芳樟醇（30、60和180 μL L⁻¹）或白香蜂草精油（50、100和300 μL L⁻¹）的水族箱中，以确定麻醉诱导时间。诱导后，将动物转移至无麻醉剂的水族箱中评估其恢复时间。为观察增强效果，将鱼暴露于有或无BDZ（地西泮150 μm）存在的情况下的芳樟醇（30、60和180 μL L⁻¹）中。在另一实验中，将暴露于芳樟醇（30和180 μL L⁻¹）或BDZ的鱼转移至含有氟马西尼（5 μm）或水 的无麻醉剂水族箱中评估恢复时间。
在蟾胡子鲶中，按比例浓度计算，芳樟醇具有与精油相似的镇静作用。然而，麻醉情况不同。仅在低浓度测试时，芳樟醇的效果出现增强。暴露于BDZ的鱼在含有氟马西尼的水中麻醉恢复更快，但芳樟醇的情况并非如此。
芳樟醇分别在30和180 μL L⁻¹时作为蟾胡子鲶的镇静剂和麻醉剂有效。其作用机制似乎不涉及γ-氨基丁酸能系统的苯二氮䓬位点。
