Stenseng Frode, Belsky Jay, Skalicka Vera, Wichstrøm Lars
Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU); Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare; NTNU Social Research.
J Pers. 2015 Apr;83(2):212-20. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12096. Epub 2014 Apr 14.
The need-to-belong theory stipulates that social exclusion (i.e., being rejected by peers) impairs the ability to self-regulate, and experimental studies with adults support this contention, at least on a short-term basis. Few studies have investigated whether social exclusion affects the development of self-regulation of children in a more enduring manner. By using data from a community sample of 762 children, we investigated reciprocal relations between social exclusion and self-regulation from age 4 to age 6. Social exclusion was reported by teachers, whereas self-regulation was reported by parents. Autoregressive latent cross-lagged analyses showed that social exclusion predicted impaired development of dispositional self-regulation and, reciprocally, that poor self-regulation predicted enhanced social exclusion. In other words, social exclusion undermines children's development of self-regulation, whereas poor self-regulation increases the likelihood of exclusion. Results illuminate the applied relevance of the need-to-belong theory.
归属需求理论规定，社会排斥（即被同龄人拒绝）会损害自我调节能力，针对成年人的实验研究支持了这一观点，至少在短期内是如此。很少有研究调查社会排斥是否会以更持久的方式影响儿童自我调节能力的发展。通过使用来自762名儿童的社区样本数据，我们研究了4岁至6岁儿童社会排斥与自我调节之间的相互关系。社会排斥由教师报告，而自我调节由家长报告。自回归潜在交叉滞后分析表明，社会排斥预示着性格自我调节能力发展受损，反之，自我调节能力差预示着社会排斥加剧。换句话说，社会排斥会破坏儿童自我调节能力的发展，而自我调节能力差会增加被排斥的可能性。研究结果揭示了归属需求理论的应用价值。
