Intellect Dev Disabil. 2014 Feb;52(1):32-48. doi: 10.1352/1934-9556-52.1.32.
The aim of this research was to examine the contribution of internal and external resources to stress and personal growth among grandparents of children with and without an intellectual disability. Ninety-four grandparents of children with intellectual disability and 105 grandparents of children without intellectual disability completed the following scales: Multidimensional Experience of Grandparenthood; Multidimensional Scale for Perceived Social Support, Level of Differentiation of Self Scale, Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, and Posttraumatic Growth Inventory. Results indicate that group differences are reflected in higher negative emotions among grandparents of children without intellectual disability. In addition, both stress and growth are related to better health, lower level of education, family cohesiveness, and negative emotions. However, whereas stress is associated with the internal resource of self-differentiation, the external resource of social support, and the cost of grandparenthood, growth is associated with gender and the symbolic and behavioral aspects of the grandparenting role. This study aimed to correct the nearly exclusive focus in the literature on negativity, stress, and the burden of grandparenting children with intellectual disability, as well as to test the pervasive assumption that the absence of disability results in an almost entirely positive grandparenting experience with nearly no negative affect.
本研究旨在探讨内部和外部资源对有智力障碍和无智力障碍儿童的祖父母的压力和个人成长的贡献。94 名有智力障碍儿童的祖父母和 105 名无智力障碍儿童的祖父母完成了以下量表：多维祖辈经验量表、多维感知社会支持量表、自我分化水平量表、家庭适应性和凝聚力评估量表、感知压力量表和创伤后成长量表。结果表明，组间差异反映在无智力障碍儿童的祖父母中较高的负面情绪。此外，压力和成长都与更好的健康、较低的教育水平、家庭凝聚力和负面情绪有关。然而，压力与自我分化的内部资源、社会支持的外部资源和祖辈角色的成本有关，而成长与性别以及祖辈角色的象征和行为方面有关。本研究旨在纠正文献中几乎完全关注消极、压力和有智力障碍儿童的祖辈负担的现象，并检验一个普遍的假设，即没有残疾会导致几乎完全积极的祖辈经历，几乎没有负面情绪。
