Barlow Heidi, Halaki Mark, Stuelcken Max, Greene Andrew, Sinclair Peter J
Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, The University of Sydney, Australia.
Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, The University of Sydney, Australia.
Hum Mov Sci. 2014 Apr;34:178-86. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2014.02.002. Epub 2014 Mar 14.
The introduction of the OMEGA OSB11 starting blocks (Swiss Timing, Corgémont, Switzerland) which feature an adjustable inclined plate built into the rear of the platform, have led to the evolution of the "kick start" style of swimming start. Previous studies examining the effect of different starting positions using the OSB11 starting blocks have not examined swimming performance over distances beyond 7.5m. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to compare three starting positions (front, neutral and rear-weighted) using the kick start to determine whether a given position can improve swimming performance over a 15m distance. After undergoing four weeks of dive training using each of the three positions, ten developmental level swimmers completed three 20m sprint trials in each position. Results indicated that the neutral and rear-weighted positions produced faster times to 15m (p<.01) when compared to the front-weighted position. Starting position did not affect the swimmer's velocity between 4.5 and 5.5m or between 14.5 and 15.5m (p=.50). Developmental level swimmers should choose between a neutral-weighted or rear-weighted position on the new OSB11 starting blocks.
欧米茄OSB11起跑器（瑞士计时公司，瑞士科尔热蒙）的推出，其特点是在平台后部内置了可调节的倾斜板，引发了游泳起跑“蹬腿式起跑”风格的演变。以往使用OSB11起跑器研究不同起跑位置效果的研究，尚未考察超过7.5米距离的游泳表现。因此，本研究的目的是比较使用蹬腿式起跑的三种起跑位置（前重、中立和后重），以确定给定位置是否能在15米距离上提高游泳表现。在使用这三种位置进行了四周的跳水训练后，十名发展水平的游泳运动员在每个位置完成了三次20米短跑测试。结果表明，与前重位置相比，中立和后重位置到达15米的时间更快（p<.01）。起跑位置在4.5至5.5米之间或14.5至15.5米之间不影响游泳运动员的速度（p=.50）。发展水平的游泳运动员应在新的欧米茄OSB11起跑器上选择中立或后重位置。
