Division of Neurosurgery, Seton Brain and Spine Institute Austin, TX, USA ; Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin Austin, TX, USA ; Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical School Dallas, TX, USA.
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2014 Mar 7;8:81. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00081. eCollection 2014.
Until now direct neurochemical measurements during memory tasks have not been accomplished in the human basal ganglia. It has been proposed, based on both functional imaging studies and psychometric testing in normal subjects and in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), that the basal ganglia is responsible for the performance of feedback-contingent implicit memory tasks. To measure neurotransmitters, we used in vivo microdialysis during deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery. We show in the right subthalamic nucleus (STN) of patients with PD a task-dependent change in the concentrations of glutamate and GABA during an implicit memory task relative to baseline, while no difference was found between declarative memory tasks. The five patients studied had a significant decrease in the percent concentration of GABA and glutamate during the performance of the weather prediction task (WPT). We hypothesize, based on current models of basal ganglia function, that this decrease in the concentration is consistent with expected dysfunction in basal ganglia networks in patients with PD.
到目前为止，在人类基底神经节中还没有完成记忆任务期间的直接神经化学测量。基于正常人和帕金森病（PD）患者的功能成像研究和心理测试，已经提出基底神经节负责反馈相关的内隐记忆任务的执行。为了测量神经递质，我们在深部脑刺激（DBS）手术期间使用了体内微透析。我们在 PD 患者的右侧丘脑底核（STN）中显示，在进行内隐记忆任务时，谷氨酸和 GABA 的浓度相对于基线发生了依赖于任务的变化，而在陈述性记忆任务之间没有发现差异。研究的五名患者在进行天气预报任务（WPT）时，GABA 和谷氨酸的百分浓度有显著下降。基于基底神经节功能的当前模型，我们假设这种浓度的降低与 PD 患者基底神经节网络的预期功能障碍一致。
