Romano Stefano, Savva George M, Bedarf Janis R, Charles Ian G, Hildebrand Falk, Narbad Arjan
Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.
Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
NPJ Parkinsons Dis. 2021 Mar 10;7(1):27. doi: 10.1038/s41531-021-00156-z.
The gut microbiota is emerging as an important modulator of neurodegenerative diseases, and accumulating evidence has linked gut microbes to Parkinson's disease (PD) symptomatology and pathophysiology. PD is often preceded by gastrointestinal symptoms and alterations of the enteric nervous system accompany the disease. Several studies have analyzed the gut microbiome in PD, but a consensus on the features of the PD-specific microbiota is missing. Here, we conduct a meta-analysis re-analyzing the ten currently available 16S microbiome datasets to investigate whether common alterations in the gut microbiota of PD patients exist across cohorts. We found significant alterations in the PD-associated microbiome, which are robust to study-specific technical heterogeneities, although differences in microbiome structure between PD and controls are small. Enrichment of the genera Lactobacillus, Akkermansia, and Bifidobacterium and depletion of bacteria belonging to the Lachnospiraceae family and the Faecalibacterium genus, both important short-chain fatty acids producers, emerged as the most consistent PD gut microbiome alterations. This dysbiosis might result in a pro-inflammatory status which could be linked to the recurrent gastrointestinal symptoms affecting PD patients.
肠道微生物群正逐渐成为神经退行性疾病的重要调节因子，越来越多的证据表明肠道微生物与帕金森病（PD）的症状和病理生理学有关。PD通常先出现胃肠道症状，且疾病过程中伴有肠神经系统的改变。多项研究分析了PD患者的肠道微生物组，但对于PD特异性微生物群的特征尚未达成共识。在此，我们进行了一项荟萃分析，重新分析了目前可用的10个16S微生物组数据集，以研究PD患者肠道微生物群中是否存在跨队列的常见改变。我们发现PD相关微生物组存在显著改变，尽管PD与对照组之间的微生物组结构差异较小，但这些改变对研究特定的技术异质性具有稳健性。乳酸杆菌属、阿克曼氏菌属和双歧杆菌属的富集以及属于毛螺菌科和粪杆菌属的细菌（两者均为重要的短链脂肪酸生产者）的减少，是最一致的PD肠道微生物组改变。这种生态失调可能导致促炎状态，这可能与影响PD患者的反复胃肠道症状有关。
