Cortese Samuele, Moreira Maia Carlos Renato, Rohde Luis Augusto, Morcillo-Peñalver Carmen, Faraone Stephen V
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
BMJ Open. 2014 Mar 18;4(3):e004541. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004541.
An increasing number of clinical and epidemiological studies suggest a possible association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obesity/overweight. However, overall evidence is mixed. Given the public health relevance of ADHD and obesity/overweight, understanding whether and to what extent they are associated is paramount to plan intervention and prevention strategies. We describe the protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at assessing the prevalence of obesity/overweight in individuals with ADHD versus those without ADHD.
We will include studies of any design (except case reports or case series) comparing the prevalence of obesity and/or overweight in children or adults with and without ADHD (or hyperkinetic disorder). We will search an extensive number of databases including PubMed, Ovid databases, Web of Knowledge and Thomson-Reuters databases, ERIC and CINAHL. No restrictions of language will be applied. We will also contact experts in the field for possible unpublished or in press data. Primary and additional outcomes will be the prevalence of obesity and overweight, respectively. We will combine ORs using random-effects models in STATA V.12.0. The quality of the study will be assessed primarily using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Subgroup meta-analyses will be conducted according to participants' age (children vs adults) and study setting (clinical vs general population). We will explore the feasibility of conducting meta-regression analyses to assess the moderating effect of age, gender, socioeconomic status, study setting, geographic location of the study (low-income, middle-income countries vs high-income countries), definition of obesity, method to assess ADHD, psychiatric comorbidities and medication status.
No ethical issues are foreseen. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at national and international conferences of psychiatry, psychology, obesity and paediatrics.
PROSPERO-National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42013006410).
越来越多的临床和流行病学研究表明，注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）与肥胖/超重之间可能存在关联。然而，总体证据并不一致。鉴于ADHD与肥胖/超重对公共卫生的重要性，了解它们是否相关以及相关程度对于制定干预和预防策略至关重要。我们描述了一项系统评价和荟萃分析的方案，旨在评估ADHD患者与非ADHD患者中肥胖/超重的患病率。
我们将纳入任何设计的研究（病例报告或病例系列除外），比较患有和未患有ADHD（或多动障碍）的儿童或成人中肥胖和/或超重的患病率。我们将检索大量数据库，包括PubMed、Ovid数据库、Web of Knowledge和汤森路透数据库、ERIC和CINAHL。不设语言限制。我们还将联系该领域的专家，获取可能未发表或即将发表的数据。主要结局和次要结局将分别为肥胖和超重的患病率。我们将在STATA V.12.0中使用随机效应模型合并比值比（OR）。研究质量将主要使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表进行评估。将根据参与者的年龄（儿童与成人）和研究环境（临床与一般人群）进行亚组荟萃分析。我们将探讨进行荟萃回归分析的可行性，以评估年龄、性别、社会经济地位、研究环境、研究的地理位置（低收入、中等收入国家与高收入国家）、肥胖的定义、评估ADHD的方法、精神共病和用药情况的调节作用。
预计不存在伦理问题。研究结果将发表在同行评审期刊上，并在精神病学、心理学、肥胖症和儿科学的国内和国际会议上展示。
PROSPERO-英国国家卫生研究院（NIHR）系统评价前瞻性注册库（CRD42013006410）。
