Department of Immunology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany; Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Eur J Immunol. 2014 Jun;44(6):1710-5. doi: 10.1002/eji.201343927. Epub 2014 Mar 20.
The intestinal microbiota influences not only metabolic processes, but also the mucosal and systemic immune systems. Here, we compare innate and adaptive immune responses against the intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes in germfree (GF) and conventional mice. We show that animals without endogenous microbiota are highly susceptible to primary infection with impaired activation and accumulation of phagocytes to the site of infection. Unexpectedly, secondary infection with otherwise lethal dose resulted in survival of all GF animals which cleared bacteria more rapidly and developed a stronger antilisterial CD8(+) memory T-cell response compared to conventional mice. In summary, lack of the intestinal microbiota impairs early innate immunity, but enhances activation and expansion of memory T cells.
肠道微生物群不仅影响代谢过程，还影响黏膜和系统免疫系统。在这里，我们比较了无菌（GF）和常规小鼠对细胞内病原体李斯特菌的先天和适应性免疫反应。我们表明，没有内源性微生物群的动物对原发性感染非常敏感，其吞噬细胞的激活和积累受到损害，无法到达感染部位。出乎意料的是，再次感染致死剂量的李斯特菌后，所有 GF 动物都存活下来，它们比常规小鼠清除细菌更快，并产生更强的抗李斯特菌 CD8(+)记忆 T 细胞反应。总之，缺乏肠道微生物群会损害早期的先天免疫，但会增强记忆 T 细胞的激活和扩增。
