Birkbeck, University of London.
Child Dev. 2014 Sep-Oct;85(5):1981-94. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12239. Epub 2014 Mar 20.
With many features competing for attention in their visual environment, infants must learn to deploy attention toward informative cues while ignoring distractions. Three eye tracking experiments were conducted to investigate whether 6- and 8-month-olds (total N = 102) would shift attention away from a distractor stimulus to learn a cue-reward relation. While 8-month-olds showed evidence of increasingly selective attention toward the predictive cues, even when the distractors were highly salient, 6-month-olds shifted attention toward the predictive cues only when the distractors were equally (not more) engaging. These experiments suggest that attention in infancy is highly dependent on the relative weightings of predictiveness and visual salience, which may differ across development and context.
在视觉环境中，有许多特征竞争着引起婴儿的注意，他们必须学会将注意力投向信息性线索，同时忽略干扰。进行了三项眼动追踪实验，以研究 6 至 8 个月大的婴儿（总 N = 102）是否会将注意力从干扰刺激转移开，以学习线索-奖励关系。尽管 8 个月大的婴儿表现出对预测线索的注意力越来越具有选择性，即使干扰物非常显著，6 个月大的婴儿也只有在干扰物同样（而非更）吸引人时才会将注意力转移到预测线索上。这些实验表明，婴儿的注意力高度依赖于预测性和视觉显著性的相对权重，这可能因发展和环境而异。
