Lindahl Sarah H
Sutter East Bay Medical Foundation, SEBMF - Diablo Division, Castro Valley, CA, USA.
Int J Womens Health. 2014 Mar 13;6:307-12. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S52555. eCollection 2014.
Vaginal atrophy is a chronic condition with symptoms that include vaginal dryness, pain during sex, itching, irritation, burning, and discharge, as well as various urinary problems. Up to 45% of postmenopausal women may be affected, but it often remains underreported and undertreated. This article aims to review the current recommendations for treatment of vaginal atrophy, and current data on the effectiveness and safety of local vaginal estrogen therapies.
Literature regarding vaginal atrophy (2007-2012) was retrieved from PubMed and summarized, with emphasis on data related to the treatment of vaginal atrophy with local vaginal estrogen therapy.
Published data support the effectiveness and endometrial safety of low-dose local estrogen therapies. These results further support the general recommendation by the North American Menopause Society that a progestogen is not needed for endometrial protection in patients using low-dose local vaginal estrogen. Benefits of long-term therapy for vaginal atrophy include sustained relief of symptoms as well as physiological improvements (eg, decreased vaginal pH and increased blood flow, epithelial thickness, secretions).
Currently available local vaginal estrogen therapies are well tolerated and effective in relieving symptoms of vaginal atrophy. Recent data support the endometrial safety of low-dose regimens for up to 1 year.
阴道萎缩是一种慢性疾病，其症状包括阴道干燥、性交疼痛、瘙痒、刺激感、烧灼感、分泌物异常以及各种泌尿系统问题。高达45%的绝经后女性可能受到影响，但该病常常报告不足且治疗不充分。本文旨在综述目前关于阴道萎缩治疗的建议，以及局部阴道雌激素疗法有效性和安全性的现有数据。
从PubMed检索并总结了2007年至2012年有关阴道萎缩的文献，重点关注与局部阴道雌激素疗法治疗阴道萎缩相关的数据。
已发表的数据支持低剂量局部雌激素疗法的有效性和子宫内膜安全性。这些结果进一步支持了北美更年期协会的总体建议，即使用低剂量局部阴道雌激素的患者无需使用孕激素进行子宫内膜保护。阴道萎缩长期治疗的益处包括症状持续缓解以及生理改善（如阴道pH值降低、血流增加、上皮厚度增加、分泌物增多）。
目前可用的局部阴道雌激素疗法耐受性良好，且能有效缓解阴道萎缩症状。近期数据支持低剂量方案长达1年的子宫内膜安全性。
