Eakman Aaron M
OTJR (Thorofare N J). 2014 Spring;34(2):93-105. doi: 10.3928/15394492-20140211-01. Epub 2014 Feb 20.
The current study used a prospective longitudinal design to determine whether change in meaningful activity over an 11-month period could help explain change in meaning in life in a sample of 174 undergraduate and graduate students. The Engagement in Meaningful Activities Survey, Basic Psychological Needs Scales (i.e., autonomy, competence, relatedness), and the Meaning in Life Questionnaire were used as indicators of the constructs of meaningful activity, basic psychological needs fulfillment, and meaning and purpose in life. The findings were in support of the study hypotheses and indicated that change in meaningful activity explained both change in basic psychological needs fulfillment (i.e., autonomy, competence, relatedness) and change in meaning in life. Further, this study reports findings consistent with results from cross-sectional studies in support of the hypothesis that change in meaningful activity may influence change in meaning in life through two pathways: a direct path of influence from meaningful activity to meaning in life and an indirect path through change in basic psychological needs fulfillment. The current study contributes to a growing literature implicating subjective evaluations of day-to-day action (or meaningful activity) as a fruitful means for exploring relationships between occupation and well-being.
本研究采用前瞻性纵向设计，以确定在174名本科生和研究生样本中，11个月期间有意义活动的变化是否有助于解释生活意义的变化。有意义活动参与度调查、基本心理需求量表（即自主性、能力、人际关系）和生活意义问卷被用作有意义活动、基本心理需求满足以及生活意义和目的等构念的指标。研究结果支持了研究假设，表明有意义活动的变化既解释了基本心理需求满足（即自主性、能力、人际关系）的变化，也解释了生活意义的变化。此外，本研究报告的结果与横断面研究的结果一致，支持了以下假设：有意义活动的变化可能通过两条途径影响生活意义的变化：一条是从有意义活动到生活意义的直接影响路径，另一条是通过基本心理需求满足的变化的间接路径。本研究为越来越多的文献做出了贡献，这些文献表明对日常行动（或有意义活动）的主观评价是探索职业与幸福感之间关系的有效手段。
