Wesleyan University, 207 High St, Middletown, CT, 06459, USA.
Wesleyan University, 207 High St, Middletown, CT, 06459, USA.
Sleep Health. 2019 Jun;5(3):288-297. doi: 10.1016/j.sleh.2019.02.007. Epub 2019 Apr 10.
The present study assessed bidirectional associations between basic psychological needs and several subjective sleep variables across 2 semesters.
Participants completed an online survey twice (7 months apart) as part of a short-term longitudinal, correlational study.
Participants were 154 (67.8% female) emerging adults (mean age = 20.02 years, SD = 1.71) from a liberal arts university on the east coast.
Survey assessed demographics, perceived fulfillment of basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence, and relatedness), and several sleep variables (week and weekend sleep duration, sleep disturbances, daytime dysfunction, and sleep quality; Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index).
Data were analyzed using an autoregressive cross-lagged model, which controlled for level of study, diagnosis of mental illness, self-esteem, social desirability, sleeping medication, chronotype, conscientiousness, and extraversion. Results indicated significant unidirectional associations: perceived fulfillment of basic psychological needs predicted longer week sleep duration (β = .243, P = .008) and better perceived sleep quality (β = -.223, P = .008) 1 semester later, and 1 significant bidirectional association, perceived fulfillment of basic psychological needs, predicted lower daytime dysfunction, and in turn, lower daytime dysfunction predicted higher perceived fulfillment of basic psychological needs 1 semester later.
Although many sleep interventions focus on environmental aspects of sleep, our findings highlight the importance of nurturing university students' psychological needs as a potential point of intervention for improving some sleep characteristics among emerging adults at university.
本研究评估了基本心理需求与两个学期内几个主观睡眠变量之间的双向关联。
作为短期纵向相关研究的一部分，参与者两次（相隔 7 个月）在线完成了一项调查。
参与者是来自东海岸一所文科学院的 154 名（67.8%为女性）成年早期（平均年龄=20.02 岁，标准差=1.71 岁）。
调查评估了人口统计学数据、基本心理需求（自主性、能力和关联性）的感知满足度以及几个睡眠变量（周和周末睡眠时间、睡眠障碍、日间功能障碍和睡眠质量；匹兹堡睡眠质量指数）。
使用自回归交叉滞后模型分析数据，该模型控制了学业水平、精神疾病诊断、自尊、社会期望、睡眠药物、睡眠类型、尽责性和外向性。结果表明存在显著的单向关联：基本心理需求的感知满足度预测了 1 个学期后更长的周睡眠时间（β=0.243，P=0.008）和更好的睡眠质量感知（β=-0.223，P=0.008），1 个显著的双向关联，基本心理需求的感知满足度预测了较低的日间功能障碍，而反过来，较低的日间功能障碍预测了 1 个学期后更高的基本心理需求感知满足度。
尽管许多睡眠干预措施侧重于睡眠的环境方面，但我们的研究结果强调了培养大学生心理需求的重要性，这可能是改善大学生成年早期某些睡眠特征的一个潜在干预点。
