北卡罗来纳州献血者候选人、临床健康志愿者和流浪犬中选定的犬类媒介传染病的血清学和分子流行情况。
Serological and molecular prevalence of selected canine vector borne pathogens in blood donor candidates, clinically healthy volunteers, and stray dogs in North Carolina.
机构信息
Intracellular Pathogens Research Laboratory, Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, Raleigh, NC, USA.
出版信息
Parasit Vectors. 2014 Mar 24;7:116. doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-116.
BACKGROUND
Canine vector borne diseases (CVBDs) comprise illnesses caused by a spectrum of pathogens that are transmitted by arthropod vectors. Some dogs have persistent infections without apparent clinical, hematological or biochemical abnormalities, whereas other dogs develop acute illnesses, persistent subclinical infections, or chronic debilitating diseases. The primary objective of this study was to screen healthy dogs for serological and molecular evidence of regionally important CVBDs.
METHODS
Clinically healthy dogs (n = 118), comprising three different groups: Gp I blood donor candidates (n = 47), Gp II healthy dog volunteers (n = 50), and Gp III stray dogs (n = 21) were included in the study. Serum and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) anti-coagulated blood specimens collected from each dog were tested for CVBD pathogens.
RESULTS
Of the 118 dogs tested, 97 (82%) dogs had been exposed to or were infected with one or more CVBD pathogens. By IFA testing, 9% of Gp I, 42% of Gp II and 19% of Gp III dogs were seroreactive to one or more CVBD pathogens. Using the SNAP 4DX assay, Gp I dogs were seronegative for Anaplasma spp., Ehrlichia spp., and B. burgdorferi (Lyme disease) antibodies and D. immitis antigen. In Gp II, 8 dogs were Ehrlichia spp. seroreactive, 2 were infected with D. immitis and 1 was B. burgdorferi (Lyme disease) seroreactive. In Gp III, 6 dogs were infected with D. immitis and 4 were Ehrlichia spp. seroreactive. Using the BAPGM diagnostic platform, Bartonella DNA was PCR amplified and sequenced from 19% of Gp I, 20% of Gp II and 10% of Gp III dogs. Using PCR and DNA sequencing, 6% of Gps I and II and 19% of Gp III dogs were infected with other CVBD pathogens.
CONCLUSION
The development and validation of specific diagnostic testing modalities has facilitated more accurate detection of CVBDs. Once identified, exposure to vectors should be limited and flea and tick prevention enforced.
背景
犬媒介传染病（CVBDs）是由节肢动物媒介传播的一系列病原体引起的疾病。一些犬存在持续性感染而无明显的临床、血液学或生化异常，而其他犬则会发展为急性疾病、持续性亚临床感染或慢性衰弱性疾病。本研究的主要目的是筛查健康犬是否存在区域性重要 CVBDs 的血清学和分子证据。
方法
纳入了三组临床健康犬（n=118），包括血液捐献候选犬（Gp I）（n=47）、健康犬志愿者（Gp II）（n=50）和流浪犬（Gp III）（n=21）。收集每只犬的血清和乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）抗凝血样本，检测 CVBD 病原体。
结果
在检测的 118 只犬中，97（82%）只犬已暴露于或感染了一种或多种 CVBD 病原体。通过间接免疫荧光抗体检测，9%的 Gp I、42%的 Gp II 和 19%的 Gp III 犬对一种或多种 CVBD 病原体呈血清学反应。使用 SNAP 4DX 检测，Gp I 犬对无形体属、埃立克体属和伯氏疏螺旋体（莱姆病）抗体以及犬巴贝斯虫抗原均呈血清阴性。在 Gp II 中，8 只犬呈埃立克体属血清学反应，2 只犬感染了犬巴贝斯虫，1 只犬呈伯氏疏螺旋体（莱姆病）血清学反应。在 Gp III 中，6 只犬感染了犬巴贝斯虫，4 只犬呈埃立克体属血清学反应。使用 BAPGM 诊断平台，从 19%的 Gp I、20%的 Gp II 和 10%的 Gp III 犬中扩增和测序了巴尔通体 DNA。使用 PCR 和 DNA 测序，6%的 Gp I 和 Gp II 以及 19%的 Gp III 犬感染了其他 CVBD 病原体。
结论
特定诊断检测方法的开发和验证促进了 CVBD 的更准确检测。一旦确定感染，应限制接触媒介，加强跳蚤和蜱虫的预防。
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