葡萄牙南部家养和流浪狗血液中犬媒传播疾病的细菌和原生动物病原体。
Bacterial and protozoal agents of canine vector-borne diseases in the blood of domestic and stray dogs from southern Portugal.
作者信息
Maia Carla, Almeida Bruno, Coimbra Mónica, Fernandes Maria Catarina, Cristóvão José Manuel, Ramos Cláudia, Martins Ângela, Martinho Filipe, Silva Pedro, Neves Nuno, Nunes Mónica, Vieira Maria Luísa, Cardoso Luís, Campino Lenea
机构信息
Unidade de Parasitologia Médica, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Lisbon, Portugal.
Global Health and Tropical Medicine, IHMT-UNL, Lisbon, Portugal.
出版信息
Parasit Vectors. 2015 Mar 23;8:138. doi: 10.1186/s13071-015-0759-8.
BACKGROUND
The so-called canine vector-borne diseases (CVBD) are caused by a wide range of pathogens transmitted by arthropods. In addition to their veterinary importance, many of these canine vector-borne pathogens can also affect the human population due to their zoonotic potential, a situation that requires a One Health approach. As the prevalence of vector-borne pathogens in cats from southern Portugal has been recently evaluated, the aim of the present study was to assess if the same agents were present in dogs living in the same area, and to assess positivity-associated risk factors.
METHODS
One thousand and ten dogs (521 domestic and 489 stray) from veterinary medical centres and animal shelters in southern Portugal were enrolled. Anaplasma spp./Ehrlichia spp., Bartonella spp., Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Babesia spp., Hepatozoon spp. and Leishmania infantum infections were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays in blood samples.
RESULTS
Sixty-eight (6.7%) dogs were PCR-positive to at least one of the tested CVBD agent species, genera or complex, including one dog found positive to two different genera. Nineteen (1.9%) dogs were positive to Anaplasma spp./Ehrlichia spp., eight (0.8%) to B. burgdorferi s.l., 31 (3.1%) to Hepatozoon spp. and 11 (1.1%) to L. infantum. Anaplasma platys, Ehrlichia canis, B. burgdorferis.l. and Hepatozoon canis were identified by DNA sequencing, including one animal confirmed with both A. platys and H. canis. Furthermore, Wolbachia spp. was amplified in blood from four dogs. None of the tested dogs was positive by PCR for Bartonella spp. or Babesia spp.
CONCLUSIONS
The molecular identification of CVBD agents in southern Portugal, some of them with zoonotic concern, reinforces the importance to alert the veterinary community, owners and public health authorities to prevent the risk of transmission of vector-borne pathogens among dogs and to other vertebrate hosts including humans. The prevalence of the selected pathogens was lower than that previously found in cats from the same region, probably because veterinarians and owners are more aware of them in the canine population and control measures are used more often.
背景
所谓的犬媒传播疾病（CVBD）是由节肢动物传播的多种病原体引起的。除了具有兽医方面的重要性外，许多这些犬媒传播病原体还因其人畜共患病潜力而可能影响人类，这种情况需要采取“同一健康”方法。由于最近已评估了葡萄牙南部猫中媒介传播病原体的流行情况，本研究的目的是评估生活在同一地区的犬中是否存在相同的病原体，并评估阳性相关的危险因素。
方法
纳入了来自葡萄牙南部兽医医疗中心和动物收容所的1010只犬（521只为家养犬，489只为流浪犬）。通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测血液样本中的无形体属/埃立克体属、巴尔通体属、伯氏疏螺旋体狭义种、巴贝斯虫属、肝簇虫属和婴儿利什曼原虫感染情况。
结果
68只（6.7%）犬对至少一种检测的CVBD病原体种类（属或复合体）呈PCR阳性，其中一只犬对两个不同属呈阳性。19只（1.9%）犬对无形体属/埃立克体属呈阳性，8只（0.8%）对伯氏疏螺旋体狭义种呈阳性，31只（3.1%）对肝簇虫属呈阳性，11只（1.1%）对婴儿利什曼原虫呈阳性。通过DNA测序鉴定出了血小板无形体、犬埃立克体、伯氏疏螺旋体狭义种和犬肝簇虫，其中一只动物同时确诊感染了血小板无形体和犬肝簇虫。此外，在4只犬的血液中扩增出了沃尔巴克氏体属。所检测的犬中没有一只对巴尔通体属或巴贝斯虫属呈PCR阳性。
结论
在葡萄牙南部对CVBD病原体进行分子鉴定，其中一些病原体与人畜共患病有关，这凸显了提醒兽医界、犬主和公共卫生当局预防媒介传播病原体在犬之间以及向包括人类在内的其他脊椎动物宿主传播风险的重要性。所选病原体的流行率低于先前在同一地区猫中发现的流行率，这可能是因为兽医和犬主对犬群中的这些病原体更了解，并且更经常采取控制措施。
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