Edgely Michelle
Int J Law Psychiatry. 2014 Nov-Dec;37(6):572-80. doi: 10.1016/j.ijlp.2014.02.031. Epub 2014 Mar 21.
The article contributes to the understanding of 'what works' in mental health courts (MHCs). There are now almost 400 MHCs in the US and more worldwide. A substantial body of evidence demonstrates that MHCs can succeed in reducing recidivism among offenders who suffer mental disorders. This article argues that MHCs succeed when they have achieved the right confluence of essential elements, including providing evidence-based treatment and psychosocial supports and using adroit judge-craft. After a brief review of some of the studies demonstrating MHC success, this article discusses the research into the necessary foundations of rehabilitation programs. It is argued that, although treatment and psychosocial services should be supplied within an evidence-based framework, neither of the two leading conceptual models - Risk-Needs-Responsivity and the Good Lives Model - are empirically proven with offenders who suffer from mental disorders. Despite the absence of proof, the Good Lives Model is argued to be appropriate for MHCs because it is normatively consonant with therapeutic jurisprudence. The MHC judge is another essential element. The judicial role is assayed to elucidate how it functions to promote the rehabilitation of offenders with mental disorders. It is argued that the role of the MHC judge during supervisory status hearings is to establish a therapeutic alliance and practice motivational psychology with each MHC participant.
本文有助于理解心理健康法庭（MHCs）中“什么有效”。目前美国有近400个心理健康法庭，全球更多。大量证据表明，心理健康法庭能够成功减少患有精神障碍罪犯的再犯率。本文认为，当心理健康法庭实现了关键要素的正确融合时就能取得成功，这些要素包括提供循证治疗和心理社会支持，以及运用娴熟的审判技巧。在简要回顾了一些证明心理健康法庭成功的研究后，本文讨论了对康复项目必要基础的研究。有人认为，虽然治疗和心理社会服务应在循证框架内提供，但两种主要的概念模型——风险-需求-反应性模型和美好生活模型——都未在患有精神障碍的罪犯身上得到实证验证。尽管缺乏证据，但美好生活模型被认为适用于心理健康法庭，因为它在规范上与治疗法理学相一致。心理健康法庭的法官是另一个关键要素。对司法角色进行了分析，以阐明其如何促进患有精神障碍罪犯的康复。有人认为，心理健康法庭法官在监督状态听证会上的作用是与每个心理健康法庭参与者建立治疗联盟并运用动机心理学。
