使用建议来模拟不同类型的自动写作。

Using suggestion to model different types of automatic writing.

作者信息

Walsh E, Mehta M A, Oakley D A, Guilmette D N, Gabay A, Halligan P W, Deeley Q

机构信息

King's College London, Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, London, SE5 8AF, UK; Cultural and Social Neuroscience Research Group, Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Kings College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.

Cultural and Social Neuroscience Research Group, Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK; Cultural and Social Neuroscience Research Group, Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Kings College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.

出版信息

Conscious Cogn. 2014 May;26:24-36. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2014.02.008. Epub 2014 Mar 20.

DOI:10.1016/j.concog.2014.02.008

PMID:24657632

Abstract

Our sense of self includes awareness of our thoughts and movements, and our control over them. This feeling can be altered or lost in neuropsychiatric disorders as well as in phenomena such as "automatic writing" whereby writing is attributed to an external source. Here, we employed suggestion in highly hypnotically suggestible participants to model various experiences of automatic writing during a sentence completion task. Results showed that the induction of hypnosis, without additional suggestion, was associated with a small but significant reduction of control, ownership, and awareness for writing. Targeted suggestions produced a double dissociation between thought and movement components of writing, for both feelings of control and ownership, and additionally, reduced awareness of writing. Overall, suggestion produced selective alterations in the control, ownership, and awareness of thought and motor components of writing, thus enabling key aspects of automatic writing, observed across different clinical and cultural settings, to be modelled.

摘要

我们的自我意识包括对自己思想和动作的觉知以及对它们的控制。这种感觉在神经精神疾病以及诸如“自动书写”（即书写被归因于外部来源）等现象中可能会改变或丧失。在此，我们对高度易被催眠的参与者采用暗示来模拟句子完成任务期间自动书写的各种体验。结果表明，在没有额外暗示的情况下，催眠诱导与书写的控制感、自主感和觉知的轻微但显著降低有关。针对性的暗示在书写的思想和动作成分之间产生了双重分离，涉及控制感和自主感，此外，还降低了对书写的觉知。总体而言，暗示在书写的思想和运动成分的控制、自主和觉知方面产生了选择性改变，从而能够模拟在不同临床和文化背景中观察到的自动书写的关键特征。