Fitch J M, Juraska J M, Washington L W
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Champaign 61820.
Brain Res. 1989 Feb 6;479(1):105-14. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(89)91340-1.
Pyramidal neurons from the hippocampal CA3 area of hooded rats were qualitatively and quantitatively described from Golgi-stained tissue. The most numerous of the pyramidal neurons, those with a single apical shaft, fell into two major categories. One category, termed short-shaft pyramidal neurons, is characterized by short apical shafts, a large number of thorny excrescences, and densely branched apical and basilar trees. The second category, long-shaft pyramidal neurons, is characterized by a long apical shaft, a small number of thorny excrescences and relatively less dendritic branching in both the apical and basilar trees. The somata of short-shaft pyramidal neurons tend to be located higher in stratum pyramidale than the somata of long-shaft neurons. Quantitative measurements, which included both analysis of dendritic branching and the distribution of dendritic material sampled at 10% intervals from the cell body, confirmed the qualitative observation that short-shaft neurons had more total dendritic length than long-shaft neurons. The difference in the total dendritic length observed between long- and short-shaft pyramidal neurons could be an indication that each type receives a different number of synapses per neuron. The less commonly observed variants of pyramidal neurons were briefly described but not quantified. This study demonstrates that CA3 pyramidal neurons are not a homogeneous group but that their heterogeneous characteristics fall into two major categories.
对经高尔基染色的有帽大鼠海马CA3区的锥体神经元进行了定性和定量描述。数量最多的锥体神经元，即具有单个顶轴的神经元，分为两大类。一类称为短轴锥体神经元，其特征是顶轴短、有大量棘状突起以及顶树突和基底树突密集分支。第二类是长轴锥体神经元，其特征是顶轴长、棘状突起数量少且顶树突和基底树突的分支相对较少。短轴锥体神经元的胞体往往比长轴神经元的胞体位于锥体层更高的位置。定量测量包括对树突分支的分析以及从细胞体以10%间隔取样的树突物质分布，证实了定性观察结果，即短轴神经元的总树突长度比长轴神经元长。长轴和短轴锥体神经元之间观察到的总树突长度差异可能表明每种类型的每个神经元接收的突触数量不同。对较少见的锥体神经元变体进行了简要描述但未进行量化。这项研究表明，CA3锥体神经元不是一个同质群体，而是其异质性特征分为两大类。
