Orellano Elsa M, Mountain Gail, Varas Nelson, Labault Nirzka
OTJR (Thorofare N J). 2014 Winter;34(1):32-40. doi: 10.3928/15394492-20131205-01.
In this pilot study, we explored the difference in the use of occupational competence strategies for daily participation between more active and less active older Hispanic women. Twenty-nine women who were 70 and older and lived alone participated in this study. We used a mixed-methods design by which the principal investigator administered a tool to measure participation restrictions during the quantitative phase and conducted in-depth interviews with a subsample in the qualitative phase. More active women predominantly used transportation resources, emotional social support, and spirituality to support participation in life activities. Less active women used more practical social support, assistive technology, and environmental modifications. Personal facilitators seemed to directly modify these strategies. These results suggest that older women with different activity levels use distinct internal and external resources to maintain or enhance daily participation. Future studies should explore whether these resources remain consistent across gender, living status, and ethnicity.
在这项试点研究中，我们探究了活动较多和活动较少的西班牙裔老年女性在日常参与中使用职业能力策略的差异。29名70岁及以上且独居的女性参与了本研究。我们采用了混合方法设计，在定量阶段由首席研究员使用一种工具来测量参与限制，并在定性阶段对一个子样本进行深入访谈。活动较多的女性主要利用交通资源、情感社会支持和精神信仰来支持参与生活活动。活动较少的女性则更多地使用实际社会支持、辅助技术和环境改造。个人促进因素似乎直接改变了这些策略。这些结果表明，不同活动水平的老年女性使用不同的内部和外部资源来维持或增强日常参与。未来的研究应探讨这些资源在性别、生活状况和种族方面是否保持一致。
