Negussu Nebiyu, Wali Mohamed, Ejigu Milion, Debebe Fikiru, Aden Sirage, Abdi Rashid, Mohamed Yusuf, Deribew Amare, Deribe Kebede
Health System Research Department, Somali Regional Health Bureau, Jijiga, Ethiopia ; Malaria and Other Vector Borne Disease Control Program, Somali Regional Health Bureau, Jijiga, Ethiopia.
Public Health Emergency Sub Process Unit, Somali Regional Health Bureau, Jijiga, Ethiopia.
J Glob Infect Dis. 2013 Oct;5(4):149-52. doi: 10.4103/0974-777X.122007.
There is no recent information about the prevalence and distribution of schistosomiasis in the Somali national regional state of Ethiopia. Ethiopia launched the national integrated neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) Master Plan in June 2013. The Master Plan identified mapping NTDs as a prerequisite for launching control programs. Therefore it is important to understand the prevalence and distribution of schistosomiasis in respective regions.
From February to March 2011, a cross-sectional survey was done in school-aged children from six districts of Afder Gode zone. Urine samples were collected and examined for ova of Schistosoma haematobium using the sedimentation technique and stool samples were collected and examined for S. mansoni using the Kato-Katz technique. A semistructured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic characteristics of the participants.
Of the 523 children, 513 (98%) of them participated in the study. The prevalence of S. haematobium was 16.0% (95% confidence interval (CI); 12.8-19.2). The rate of the disease was not uniform across the various six communities studied (x(2) = 208.8, P < 0.0001). Musthail district had the highest prevalence with 64.2% (95% CI; 60.0-68.3) followed by Kelafo with 11.8% (95% CI; 9.0-14.6). No infections of S. mansoni were found in these settings. There was no difference in the prevalence of infection across age groups. Boys were more likely to be infected by S. haematobium than girls (odds ratio = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.1-2.7).
S. haematobium infection is prevalent in the region with varying distribution across the districts. According to the World Health Organization, mass drug administration should be considered in some of the districts.
目前尚无关于埃塞俄比亚索马里民族区域州血吸虫病流行情况和分布的最新信息。埃塞俄比亚于2013年6月启动了国家综合被忽视热带病总体规划。该总体规划将绘制被忽视热带病分布图确定为启动控制项目的先决条件。因此，了解各地区血吸虫病的流行情况和分布很重要。
2011年2月至3月，对阿夫德戈德地区六个区的学龄儿童进行了横断面调查。收集尿液样本，采用沉淀技术检测埃及血吸虫卵；收集粪便样本，采用加藤厚涂片法检测曼氏血吸虫。使用半结构化问卷收集参与者的社会人口学特征。
523名儿童中，513名（98%）参与了研究。埃及血吸虫的感染率为16.0%（95%置信区间（CI）：12.8 - 19.2）。在所研究的六个社区中疾病发生率并不一致（χ² = 208.8，P < 0.0001）。穆斯泰尔区感染率最高，为64.2%（95% CI：60.0 - 68.3），其次是凯拉福区，为11.8%（95% CI：9.0 - 14.6）。在这些地区未发现曼氏血吸虫感染。各年龄组的感染率无差异。男孩感染埃及血吸虫的可能性高于女孩（优势比 = 1.68；95% CI：1.1 - 2.7）。
埃及血吸虫感染在该地区普遍存在，各地区分布不同。根据世界卫生组织的建议，部分地区应考虑进行群体药物治疗。
